Mike Davenport is the former Director of Durham University English Language Centre, UK.

S.J. Hannahs is a former Reader in Linguistics at Newcastle University, UK.

List of tables

List of figures

Preface to the first edition

Preface to the second edition

Preface to the third edition

Preface to the fourth edition

The International Phonetic Alphabet

1. Introduction

1.1 Phonetics and phonology

1.2 The generative enterprise

Further reading

2. Introduction to articulatory phonetics

2.1 Overview

2.2 Speech sound classification

2.3 Suprasegmental structure

2.4 Consonants versus vowels

Further reading

Exercises

3. Consonants

3.1 Stops

3.2 Affricates

3.3 Fricatives

3.4 Nasals

3.5 Liquids

3.6 Glides

3.7 An inventory of English consonants

Further reading

Exercises

4. Vowels

4.1 Vowel classification

4.2 The vowel space and Cardinal Vowels

4.3 Further classifications

4.4 The vowels of English

4.5 Some vowel systems of English

Further reading

Exercises

5. Acoustic phonetics

5.1 Fundamentals

5.2 Speech sounds

5.3 Cross linguistic values

Further reading

Exercises

6. Above the segment

6.1 The syllable

6.2 Stress

6.3 Tone and intonation

Further reading

Exercises

7. Features

7.1 Segmental composition

7.2 Phonetic versus phonological features

7.3 Charting the features

7.4 Conclusion

Further reading

Exercises

8. Phonemic analysis

8.1 Sounds that are the same but different

8.2 Finding phonemes and allophones

8.3 Linking levels: rules

8.4 Choosing the underlying form

8.5 Summary

Further reading

Exercises

9. Phonological alternations, processes and rules

9.1 Alternations versus processes versus rules

9.2 Alternation types

9.3 Representing phonological generalisations: rules and constraints

9.4 Overview of phonological operations

9.5 Summary

Further reading

Exercises

10. Phonological structure

10.1 The need for richer phonological representation

10.2 Segment internal structure: feature geometry, underspecification and unary features

10.3 Autosegmental phonology

10.4 Suprasegmental structure

10.5 Conclusion

Further reading

Exercises

11. Derivational analysis

11.1 The aims of analysis

11.2 A derivational analysis of English noun plural formation

11.3 Extrinsic versus intrinsic rule ordering

11.4 Evaluating competing analyses: evidence, economy and plausibility

11.5 Conclusion

Further reading

Exercises

12. Constraint-based analysis

12.1 Introduction to Optimality Theory

12.2 The aims of analysis

12.3 Modelling phonological processes in OT

12.4 English noun plural formation: an OT account

12.5 Competing analyses

12.6 Conclusion

Further reading

Exercises

13. Constraining the model

13.1 Constraining derivational phonology: abstractness

13.2 Constraining the power of the phonological component

13.3 Constraining the power of OT

13.4 Conclusion

Further reading

Glossary

References

Subject index

Varieties of English index

Languages index