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Cover: 9780198524496 | Bayesian Rationality | The Probabilistic Approach to Human Reasoning
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Bayesian Rationality
The Probabilistic Approach to Human Reasoning
Taschenbuch von Mike Oaksford
Sprache: Englisch

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Beschreibung
Are people rational? This question was central to Greek thought and has been at the heart of psychology and philosophy for millennia. This book provides a radical and controversial reappraisal of conventional wisdom in the psychology of reasoning, proposing that the Western conception of the mind as a logical system is flawed at the very outset. It argues that cognition should be understood in terms of probability theory, the calculus of uncertain reasoning, ratherthan in terms of logic, the calculus of certain reasoning.
Are people rational? This question was central to Greek thought and has been at the heart of psychology and philosophy for millennia. This book provides a radical and controversial reappraisal of conventional wisdom in the psychology of reasoning, proposing that the Western conception of the mind as a logical system is flawed at the very outset. It argues that cognition should be understood in terms of probability theory, the calculus of uncertain reasoning, ratherthan in terms of logic, the calculus of certain reasoning.
Über den Autor
Mike Oaksford is Professor of Psychology and Head of School at Birkbeck College London. He was a research fellow at the Centre for Cognitive Science, University of Edinburgh, he was then lecturer at the University of Wales, Bangor, and senior lecturer at the University of Warwick, before moving to Cardiff University in 1996 as Professor of Experimental Psychology, a post he held until 2005. His research interests are in the area of human reasoning and decision making. In particular, with his colleague Nick Chater, he has been developing a Bayesian probabilistic approach to deductive reasoning tasks. According to this approach reasoning "biases " are the result of applying the wrong normative model and failing to take account of people's normal environment. He also studies the way the emotions affect and interact with reasoning and decision making processes.

Nick Chater is Professor of Cognitive and Decision Sciences at University College London. He has an M.A. in Psychology from Cambridge University, and a PhD in Cognitive Science from Edinburgh. He has held academic appointments at Edinburgh, Oxford, and Warwick Universities. His research focussed on attempting to find general principles that may be applicable across many cognitive domains, ranging from reasoning and decision making, to language acquisition and processing, to perception and categorization. Since the late 1980s, in collaboration with Mike Oaksford, he has been interested in the application of probabilistic and information-theoretic methods for understanding human reasoning.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
  • 1: Logic and the Western conception of mind

  • 2: Rationality and rational analysis

  • 3: Reasoning in the the real world: how much deduction is there?

  • 4: The probabilistic turn

  • 5: Does the exception prove the rule? How people reason with conditionals

  • 6: Being economical with the evidence: collecting data and testing hypotheses

  • 7: An uncertain quantity: how people reason with syllogisms

  • 8: The rational analysis of mind: a dialogue

Details
Erscheinungsjahr: 2007
Fachbereich: Allgemeines
Genre: Psychologie
Rubrik: Geisteswissenschaften
Thema: Lexika
Medium: Taschenbuch
Inhalt: 330 S.
ISBN-13: 9780198524496
ISBN-10: 0198524498
Sprache: Englisch
Ausstattung / Beilage: Paperback
Einband: Kartoniert / Broschiert
Autor: Oaksford, Mike
Hersteller: OUP Oxford
Maße: 234 x 156 x 19 mm
Von/Mit: Mike Oaksford
Erscheinungsdatum: 22.02.2007
Gewicht: 0,521 kg
Artikel-ID: 108628389
Über den Autor
Mike Oaksford is Professor of Psychology and Head of School at Birkbeck College London. He was a research fellow at the Centre for Cognitive Science, University of Edinburgh, he was then lecturer at the University of Wales, Bangor, and senior lecturer at the University of Warwick, before moving to Cardiff University in 1996 as Professor of Experimental Psychology, a post he held until 2005. His research interests are in the area of human reasoning and decision making. In particular, with his colleague Nick Chater, he has been developing a Bayesian probabilistic approach to deductive reasoning tasks. According to this approach reasoning "biases " are the result of applying the wrong normative model and failing to take account of people's normal environment. He also studies the way the emotions affect and interact with reasoning and decision making processes.

Nick Chater is Professor of Cognitive and Decision Sciences at University College London. He has an M.A. in Psychology from Cambridge University, and a PhD in Cognitive Science from Edinburgh. He has held academic appointments at Edinburgh, Oxford, and Warwick Universities. His research focussed on attempting to find general principles that may be applicable across many cognitive domains, ranging from reasoning and decision making, to language acquisition and processing, to perception and categorization. Since the late 1980s, in collaboration with Mike Oaksford, he has been interested in the application of probabilistic and information-theoretic methods for understanding human reasoning.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
  • 1: Logic and the Western conception of mind

  • 2: Rationality and rational analysis

  • 3: Reasoning in the the real world: how much deduction is there?

  • 4: The probabilistic turn

  • 5: Does the exception prove the rule? How people reason with conditionals

  • 6: Being economical with the evidence: collecting data and testing hypotheses

  • 7: An uncertain quantity: how people reason with syllogisms

  • 8: The rational analysis of mind: a dialogue

Details
Erscheinungsjahr: 2007
Fachbereich: Allgemeines
Genre: Psychologie
Rubrik: Geisteswissenschaften
Thema: Lexika
Medium: Taschenbuch
Inhalt: 330 S.
ISBN-13: 9780198524496
ISBN-10: 0198524498
Sprache: Englisch
Ausstattung / Beilage: Paperback
Einband: Kartoniert / Broschiert
Autor: Oaksford, Mike
Hersteller: OUP Oxford
Maße: 234 x 156 x 19 mm
Von/Mit: Mike Oaksford
Erscheinungsdatum: 22.02.2007
Gewicht: 0,521 kg
Artikel-ID: 108628389
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