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An updated and thoroughly revised third edition of the foundational text offering an introduction to physics with a comprehensive interactive website
The revised and updated third edition of Understanding Physics presents a comprehensive introduction to college-level physics. Written with today's students in mind, this compact text covers the core material required within an introductory course in a clear and engaging way. The authors ? noted experts on the topic ? offer an understanding of the physical universe and present the mathematical tools used in physics.
The book covers all the material required in an introductory physics course. Each topic is introduced from first principles so that the text is suitable for students without a prior background in physics. At the same time the book is designed to enable students to proceed easily to subsequent courses in physics and may be used to support such courses. Relativity and quantum mechanics are introduced at an earlier stage than is usually found in introductory textbooks and are integrated with the more 'classical' material from which they have evolved.
Worked examples and links to problems, designed to be both illustrative and challenging, are included throughout. The links to over 600 problems and their solutions, as well as links to more advanced sections, interactive problems, simulations and videos may be made by typing URLs which are noted throughout the text into the address bar of a browser or by scanning the micro QR codes given alongside the URLs.
This new edition of this essential text:
- Offers an introduction to the principles for each topic presented
- Presents a comprehensive yet concise introduction to physics covering a wide range of material
- Features a revised treatment of electromagnetism, specifically the more detailed treatment of electric and magnetic materials
- Puts emphasis on the relationship between microscopic and macroscopic perspectives
- Is structured as a foundation course for undergraduate students in physics, materials science and engineering
- Has been updated to conform with the revision of SI which came into force in May 2019
Written for first year physics students, the revised and updated third edition of Understanding Physics offers a foundation text and interactive website for undergraduate students in physics, materials science and engineering.
An updated and thoroughly revised third edition of the foundational text offering an introduction to physics with a comprehensive interactive website
The revised and updated third edition of Understanding Physics presents a comprehensive introduction to college-level physics. Written with today's students in mind, this compact text covers the core material required within an introductory course in a clear and engaging way. The authors ? noted experts on the topic ? offer an understanding of the physical universe and present the mathematical tools used in physics.
The book covers all the material required in an introductory physics course. Each topic is introduced from first principles so that the text is suitable for students without a prior background in physics. At the same time the book is designed to enable students to proceed easily to subsequent courses in physics and may be used to support such courses. Relativity and quantum mechanics are introduced at an earlier stage than is usually found in introductory textbooks and are integrated with the more 'classical' material from which they have evolved.
Worked examples and links to problems, designed to be both illustrative and challenging, are included throughout. The links to over 600 problems and their solutions, as well as links to more advanced sections, interactive problems, simulations and videos may be made by typing URLs which are noted throughout the text into the address bar of a browser or by scanning the micro QR codes given alongside the URLs.
This new edition of this essential text:
- Offers an introduction to the principles for each topic presented
- Presents a comprehensive yet concise introduction to physics covering a wide range of material
- Features a revised treatment of electromagnetism, specifically the more detailed treatment of electric and magnetic materials
- Puts emphasis on the relationship between microscopic and macroscopic perspectives
- Is structured as a foundation course for undergraduate students in physics, materials science and engineering
- Has been updated to conform with the revision of SI which came into force in May 2019
Written for first year physics students, the revised and updated third edition of Understanding Physics offers a foundation text and interactive website for undergraduate students in physics, materials science and engineering.
MICHAEL MANSFIELD, PHD, is Emeritus Professor in the Department of Physics, University College Cork, Ireland.
COLM O'SULLIVAN, PHD, is Emeritus Professor in the Physics Department, University College Cork, Ireland.
Preface to third edition xv
1 Understanding the physical universe 1
1.1 The programme of physics 1
1.2 The building blocks of matter 2
1.3 Matter in bulk 4
1.4 The fundamental interactions 5
1.5 Exploring the physical universe: the scientific method 5
1.6 The role of physics; its scope and applications 7
2 Using mathematical tools in physics 9
2.1 Applying the scientific method 9
2.2 The use of variables to represent displacement and time 9
2.3 Representation of data 10
2.4 The use of differentiation in analysis: velocity and acceleration in linear motion 13
2.5 The use of integration in analysis 16
2.6 Maximum and minimum values of physical variables: general linear motion 21
2.7 Angular motion: the radian 22
2.8 The role of mathematics in physics 24
Worked examples 25
Chapter 2 problems (up.[...] 27
3 The causes of motion: dynamics 29
3.1 The concept of force 29
3.2 The First law of Dynamics (Newton's first law) 30
3.3 The fundamental dynamical principle (Newton's second law) 31
3.4 Systems of units: SI 33
3.5 Time dependent forces: oscillatory motion 37
3.6 Simple harmonic motion 39
3.7 Mechanical work and energy 42
3.8 Plots of potential energy functions 45
3.9 Power 46
3.10 Energy in simple harmonic motion 47
3.11 Dissipative forces: damped harmonic motion 48
3.11.1 Trial solution technique for solving the damped harmonic motion equation (up.[...] 50
3.12 Forced oscillations (up.[...] 51
3.13 Non-linear dynamics: chaos (up.[...] 52
3.14 Phase space representation of dynamical systems (up.[...] 52
Worked examples 52
Chapter 3 problems (up.[...] 56
4 Motion in two and three dimensions 57
4.1 Vector physical quantities 57
4.2 Vector algebra 58
4.3 Velocity and acceleration vectors 62
4.4 Force as a vector quantity: vector form of the laws of dynamics 63
4.5 Constraint forces 64
4.6 Friction 66
4.7 Motion in a circle: centripetal force 68
4.8 Motion in a circle at constant speed 69
4.9 Tangential and radial components of acceleration 71
4.10 Hybrid motion: the simple pendulum 71
4.10.1 Large angle corrections for the simple pendulum (up.[...] 72
4.11 Angular quantities as vector: the cross product 72
Worked examples 75
Chapter 4 problems (up.[...] 78
5 Force fields 79
5.1 Newton's law of universal gravitation 79
5.2 Force fields 80
5.3 The concept of flux 81
5.4 Gauss's law for gravitation 82
5.5 Applications of Gauss's law 84
5.6 Motion in a constant uniform field: projectiles 86
5.7 Mechanical work and energy 88
5.8 Power 93
5.9 Energy in a constant uniform field 94
5.10 Energy in an inverse square law field 94
5.11 Moment of a force: angular momentum 97
5.12 Planetary motion: circular orbits 98
5.13 Planetary motion: elliptical orbits and Kepler's laws 99
5.13.1 Conservation of the Runge-Lens vector (up.[...] 100
Worked examples 101
Chapter 5 problems (up.[...] 104
6 Many-body interactions 105
6.1 Newton's third law 105
6.2 The principle of conservation of momentum 108
6.3 Mechanical energy of systems of particles 109
6.4 Particle decay 110
6.5 Particle collisions 111
6.6 The centre of mass of a system of particles 115
6.7 The two-body problem: reduced mass 116
6.8 Angular momentum of a system of particles 119
6.9 Conservation principles in physics 120
Worked examples 121
Chapter 6 problems (up.[...] 125
7 Rigid body dynamics 127
7.1 Rigid bodies 127
7.2 Rigid bodies in equilibrium: statics 128
7.3 Torque 129
7.4 Dynamics of rigid bodies 130
7.5 Measurement of torque: the torsion balance 131
7.6 Rotation of a rigid body about a fixed axis: moment of inertia 132
7.7 Calculation of moments of inertia: the parallel axis theorem 133
7.8 Conservation of angular momentum of rigid bodies 135
7.9 Conservation of mechanical energy in rigid body systems 136
7.10 Work done by a torque: torsional oscillations: rotational power 138
7.11 Gyroscopic motion 140
7.11.1 Precessional angular velocity of a top (up.[...] 141
7.12 Summary: connection between rotational and translational motions 141
Worked examples 141
Chapter 7 problems (up.[...] 144
8 Relative motion 145
8.1 Applicability of Newton's laws of motion: inertial reference frames 145
8.2 The Galilean transformation 146
8.3 The CM (centre-of-mass) reference frame 149
8.4 Example of a non-inertial frame: centrifugal force 153
8.5 Motion in a rotating frame: the Coriolis force 155
8.6 The Foucault pendulum 158
8.6.1 Precession of a Foucault pendulum (up.[...] 158
8.7 Practical criteria for inertial frames: the local view 158
Worked examples 159
Chapter 8 problems (up.[...] 163
9 Special relativity 165
9.1 The velocity of light 165
9.1.1 The Michelson-Morley experiment (up.[...] 165
9.2 The principle of relativity 166
9.3 Consequences of the principle of relativity 166
9.4 The Lorentz transformation 168
9.5 The Fitzgerald-Lorentz contraction 171
9.6 Time dilation 172
9.7 Paradoxes in special relativity 173
9.7.1 Simultaneity: quantitative analysis of the twin paradox (up.[...] 174
9.8 Relativistic transformation of velocity 174
9.9 Momentum in relativistic mechanics 176
9.10 Four-vectors: the energy-momentum 4-vector 177
9.11 Energy-momentum transformations: relativistic energy conservation 179
9.11.1 The force transformations (up.[...] 180
9.12 Relativistic energy: mass-energy equivalence 180
9.13 Units in relativistic mechanics 183
9.14 Mass-energy equivalence in practice 184
9.15 General relativity 185
Worked examples 185
Chapter 9 problems (up.[...] 188
10 Continuum mechanics: mechanical properties of materials: microscopic models of matter 189
10.1 Dynamics of continuous media 189
10.2 Elastic properties of solids 190
10.3 Fluids at rest 193
10.4 Elastic properties of fluids 195
10.5 Pressure in gases 196
10.6 Archimedes' principle 196
10.7 Fluid dynamics; the Bernoulli equation 198
10.8 Viscosity 201
10.9 Surface properties of liquids 202
10.10 Boyle's law (or Mariotte's law) 204
10.11 A microscopic theory of gases 205
10.12 The SI unit of amount of substance; the mole 207
10.13 Interatomic forces: modifications to the kinetic theory of gases 208
10.14 Microscopic models of condensed matter systems 210
Worked examples 212
Chapter 10 problems (up.[...] 214
11 Thermal physics 215
11.1 Friction and heating 215
11.2 The SI unit of thermodynamic temperature, the kelvin 216
11.3 Heat capacities of thermal systems 216
11.4 Comparison of specific heat capacities: calorimetry 218
11.5 Thermal conductivity 219
11.6 Convection 220
11.7 Thermal radiation 221
11.8 Thermal expansion 222
11.9 The first law of thermodynamics 224
11.10 Change of phase: latent heat 225
11.11 The equation of state of an ideal gas 226
11.12 Isothermal, isobaric and adiabatic processes: free expansion 227
11.13 The Carnot cycle 230
11.14 Entropy and the second law of thermodynamics 231
11.15 The Helmholtz and Gibbs functions 233
Worked examples 234
Chapter 11 problems (up.[...] 236
12 Microscopic models of thermal systems: kinetic theory of matter 237
12.1 Microscopic interpretation of temperature 237
12.2 Polyatomic molecules: principle of equipartition of energy 239
12.3 Ideal gas in a gravitational field: the 'law of atmospheres' 241
12.4 Ensemble averages and distribution functions 242
12.5 The distribution of molecular velocities in an ideal gas 243
12.6 Distribution of molecular speeds 244
12.7 Distribution of molecular energies; Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics 246
12.8 Microscopic interpretation of temperature and heat capacity in solids 247
Worked examples 248
Chapter 12 problems (up.[...] 249
13 Wave motion 251
13.1 Characteristics of wave motion 251
13.2 Representation of a wave which is travelling in one dimension 253
13.3 Energy and power in wave motion 255
13.4 Plane and spherical waves 256
13.5 Huygens' principle: the laws of reflection and refraction 257
13.6 Interference between waves 259
13.7 Interference of waves passing through openings: diffraction 263
13.8 Standing waves 265
13.8.1 Standing waves in a three dimensional cavity (up.[...] 267
13.9 The Doppler effect 268
13.10 The wave equation 270
13.11 Waves along a string 270
13.12 Waves in elastic media: longitudinal waves in a solid rod 271
13.13 Waves in elastic media: sound waves in gases 272
13.14 Superposition of two waves of slightly different frequencies: wave and group velocities 274
13.15 Other wave forms: Fourier analysis 275
Worked examples 279
Chapter 13 problems (up.[...] 280
14 Introduction to quantum mechanics 281
14.1 Physics at the beginning of the twentieth century 281
14.2 The blackbody radiation problem: Planck's quantum hypothesis 282
14.3 The specific heat...
| Erscheinungsjahr: | 2020 |
|---|---|
| Fachbereich: | Astronomie |
| Genre: | Physik |
| Rubrik: | Naturwissenschaften & Technik |
| Thema: | Lexika |
| Medium: | Taschenbuch |
| Inhalt: | 656 S. |
| ISBN-13: | 9781119519508 |
| ISBN-10: | 1119519500 |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Herstellernummer: | 1W119519500 |
| Einband: | Kartoniert / Broschiert |
| Autor: |
O'Sullivan, Colm
Mansfield, Michael M. |
| Hersteller: | John Wiley & Sons Inc |
| Maße: | 217 x 280 x 37 mm |
| Von/Mit: | Colm O'Sullivan (u. a.) |
| Erscheinungsdatum: | 01.07.2020 |
| Gewicht: | 1,838 kg |
MICHAEL MANSFIELD, PHD, is Emeritus Professor in the Department of Physics, University College Cork, Ireland.
COLM O'SULLIVAN, PHD, is Emeritus Professor in the Physics Department, University College Cork, Ireland.
Preface to third edition xv
1 Understanding the physical universe 1
1.1 The programme of physics 1
1.2 The building blocks of matter 2
1.3 Matter in bulk 4
1.4 The fundamental interactions 5
1.5 Exploring the physical universe: the scientific method 5
1.6 The role of physics; its scope and applications 7
2 Using mathematical tools in physics 9
2.1 Applying the scientific method 9
2.2 The use of variables to represent displacement and time 9
2.3 Representation of data 10
2.4 The use of differentiation in analysis: velocity and acceleration in linear motion 13
2.5 The use of integration in analysis 16
2.6 Maximum and minimum values of physical variables: general linear motion 21
2.7 Angular motion: the radian 22
2.8 The role of mathematics in physics 24
Worked examples 25
Chapter 2 problems (up.[...] 27
3 The causes of motion: dynamics 29
3.1 The concept of force 29
3.2 The First law of Dynamics (Newton's first law) 30
3.3 The fundamental dynamical principle (Newton's second law) 31
3.4 Systems of units: SI 33
3.5 Time dependent forces: oscillatory motion 37
3.6 Simple harmonic motion 39
3.7 Mechanical work and energy 42
3.8 Plots of potential energy functions 45
3.9 Power 46
3.10 Energy in simple harmonic motion 47
3.11 Dissipative forces: damped harmonic motion 48
3.11.1 Trial solution technique for solving the damped harmonic motion equation (up.[...] 50
3.12 Forced oscillations (up.[...] 51
3.13 Non-linear dynamics: chaos (up.[...] 52
3.14 Phase space representation of dynamical systems (up.[...] 52
Worked examples 52
Chapter 3 problems (up.[...] 56
4 Motion in two and three dimensions 57
4.1 Vector physical quantities 57
4.2 Vector algebra 58
4.3 Velocity and acceleration vectors 62
4.4 Force as a vector quantity: vector form of the laws of dynamics 63
4.5 Constraint forces 64
4.6 Friction 66
4.7 Motion in a circle: centripetal force 68
4.8 Motion in a circle at constant speed 69
4.9 Tangential and radial components of acceleration 71
4.10 Hybrid motion: the simple pendulum 71
4.10.1 Large angle corrections for the simple pendulum (up.[...] 72
4.11 Angular quantities as vector: the cross product 72
Worked examples 75
Chapter 4 problems (up.[...] 78
5 Force fields 79
5.1 Newton's law of universal gravitation 79
5.2 Force fields 80
5.3 The concept of flux 81
5.4 Gauss's law for gravitation 82
5.5 Applications of Gauss's law 84
5.6 Motion in a constant uniform field: projectiles 86
5.7 Mechanical work and energy 88
5.8 Power 93
5.9 Energy in a constant uniform field 94
5.10 Energy in an inverse square law field 94
5.11 Moment of a force: angular momentum 97
5.12 Planetary motion: circular orbits 98
5.13 Planetary motion: elliptical orbits and Kepler's laws 99
5.13.1 Conservation of the Runge-Lens vector (up.[...] 100
Worked examples 101
Chapter 5 problems (up.[...] 104
6 Many-body interactions 105
6.1 Newton's third law 105
6.2 The principle of conservation of momentum 108
6.3 Mechanical energy of systems of particles 109
6.4 Particle decay 110
6.5 Particle collisions 111
6.6 The centre of mass of a system of particles 115
6.7 The two-body problem: reduced mass 116
6.8 Angular momentum of a system of particles 119
6.9 Conservation principles in physics 120
Worked examples 121
Chapter 6 problems (up.[...] 125
7 Rigid body dynamics 127
7.1 Rigid bodies 127
7.2 Rigid bodies in equilibrium: statics 128
7.3 Torque 129
7.4 Dynamics of rigid bodies 130
7.5 Measurement of torque: the torsion balance 131
7.6 Rotation of a rigid body about a fixed axis: moment of inertia 132
7.7 Calculation of moments of inertia: the parallel axis theorem 133
7.8 Conservation of angular momentum of rigid bodies 135
7.9 Conservation of mechanical energy in rigid body systems 136
7.10 Work done by a torque: torsional oscillations: rotational power 138
7.11 Gyroscopic motion 140
7.11.1 Precessional angular velocity of a top (up.[...] 141
7.12 Summary: connection between rotational and translational motions 141
Worked examples 141
Chapter 7 problems (up.[...] 144
8 Relative motion 145
8.1 Applicability of Newton's laws of motion: inertial reference frames 145
8.2 The Galilean transformation 146
8.3 The CM (centre-of-mass) reference frame 149
8.4 Example of a non-inertial frame: centrifugal force 153
8.5 Motion in a rotating frame: the Coriolis force 155
8.6 The Foucault pendulum 158
8.6.1 Precession of a Foucault pendulum (up.[...] 158
8.7 Practical criteria for inertial frames: the local view 158
Worked examples 159
Chapter 8 problems (up.[...] 163
9 Special relativity 165
9.1 The velocity of light 165
9.1.1 The Michelson-Morley experiment (up.[...] 165
9.2 The principle of relativity 166
9.3 Consequences of the principle of relativity 166
9.4 The Lorentz transformation 168
9.5 The Fitzgerald-Lorentz contraction 171
9.6 Time dilation 172
9.7 Paradoxes in special relativity 173
9.7.1 Simultaneity: quantitative analysis of the twin paradox (up.[...] 174
9.8 Relativistic transformation of velocity 174
9.9 Momentum in relativistic mechanics 176
9.10 Four-vectors: the energy-momentum 4-vector 177
9.11 Energy-momentum transformations: relativistic energy conservation 179
9.11.1 The force transformations (up.[...] 180
9.12 Relativistic energy: mass-energy equivalence 180
9.13 Units in relativistic mechanics 183
9.14 Mass-energy equivalence in practice 184
9.15 General relativity 185
Worked examples 185
Chapter 9 problems (up.[...] 188
10 Continuum mechanics: mechanical properties of materials: microscopic models of matter 189
10.1 Dynamics of continuous media 189
10.2 Elastic properties of solids 190
10.3 Fluids at rest 193
10.4 Elastic properties of fluids 195
10.5 Pressure in gases 196
10.6 Archimedes' principle 196
10.7 Fluid dynamics; the Bernoulli equation 198
10.8 Viscosity 201
10.9 Surface properties of liquids 202
10.10 Boyle's law (or Mariotte's law) 204
10.11 A microscopic theory of gases 205
10.12 The SI unit of amount of substance; the mole 207
10.13 Interatomic forces: modifications to the kinetic theory of gases 208
10.14 Microscopic models of condensed matter systems 210
Worked examples 212
Chapter 10 problems (up.[...] 214
11 Thermal physics 215
11.1 Friction and heating 215
11.2 The SI unit of thermodynamic temperature, the kelvin 216
11.3 Heat capacities of thermal systems 216
11.4 Comparison of specific heat capacities: calorimetry 218
11.5 Thermal conductivity 219
11.6 Convection 220
11.7 Thermal radiation 221
11.8 Thermal expansion 222
11.9 The first law of thermodynamics 224
11.10 Change of phase: latent heat 225
11.11 The equation of state of an ideal gas 226
11.12 Isothermal, isobaric and adiabatic processes: free expansion 227
11.13 The Carnot cycle 230
11.14 Entropy and the second law of thermodynamics 231
11.15 The Helmholtz and Gibbs functions 233
Worked examples 234
Chapter 11 problems (up.[...] 236
12 Microscopic models of thermal systems: kinetic theory of matter 237
12.1 Microscopic interpretation of temperature 237
12.2 Polyatomic molecules: principle of equipartition of energy 239
12.3 Ideal gas in a gravitational field: the 'law of atmospheres' 241
12.4 Ensemble averages and distribution functions 242
12.5 The distribution of molecular velocities in an ideal gas 243
12.6 Distribution of molecular speeds 244
12.7 Distribution of molecular energies; Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics 246
12.8 Microscopic interpretation of temperature and heat capacity in solids 247
Worked examples 248
Chapter 12 problems (up.[...] 249
13 Wave motion 251
13.1 Characteristics of wave motion 251
13.2 Representation of a wave which is travelling in one dimension 253
13.3 Energy and power in wave motion 255
13.4 Plane and spherical waves 256
13.5 Huygens' principle: the laws of reflection and refraction 257
13.6 Interference between waves 259
13.7 Interference of waves passing through openings: diffraction 263
13.8 Standing waves 265
13.8.1 Standing waves in a three dimensional cavity (up.[...] 267
13.9 The Doppler effect 268
13.10 The wave equation 270
13.11 Waves along a string 270
13.12 Waves in elastic media: longitudinal waves in a solid rod 271
13.13 Waves in elastic media: sound waves in gases 272
13.14 Superposition of two waves of slightly different frequencies: wave and group velocities 274
13.15 Other wave forms: Fourier analysis 275
Worked examples 279
Chapter 13 problems (up.[...] 280
14 Introduction to quantum mechanics 281
14.1 Physics at the beginning of the twentieth century 281
14.2 The blackbody radiation problem: Planck's quantum hypothesis 282
14.3 The specific heat...
| Erscheinungsjahr: | 2020 |
|---|---|
| Fachbereich: | Astronomie |
| Genre: | Physik |
| Rubrik: | Naturwissenschaften & Technik |
| Thema: | Lexika |
| Medium: | Taschenbuch |
| Inhalt: | 656 S. |
| ISBN-13: | 9781119519508 |
| ISBN-10: | 1119519500 |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Herstellernummer: | 1W119519500 |
| Einband: | Kartoniert / Broschiert |
| Autor: |
O'Sullivan, Colm
Mansfield, Michael M. |
| Hersteller: | John Wiley & Sons Inc |
| Maße: | 217 x 280 x 37 mm |
| Von/Mit: | Colm O'Sullivan (u. a.) |
| Erscheinungsdatum: | 01.07.2020 |
| Gewicht: | 1,838 kg |
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