Thomas Carlyle was a British writer, historian, and philosopher who was born on December 4, 1795, and died on February 5, 1881. He was from the Scottish Lowlands. He was one of the most important writers of the Victorian age and had a big impact on art, literature, and philosophy in the 1800s. Born in Ecclefechan, Dumfriesshire, Scotland, Carlyle went to the University of Edinburgh and invented the Carlyle circle while there. When the arts course was over, he worked as a schoolmaster and studied to become a minister in the Burgher Church. He gave up on these and other things before he decided to write for the Edinburgh Encyclopaedia and work as a translator. Early on, he was successful by introducing little-known German literature to English readers through translations, his 1825 book Life of Friedrich Schiller, and review essays he wrote for a number of magazines. His first big book was called Sartor Resartus and came out between 1833 and 1834. After moving to London, his book The French Revolution (1837) made him famous, which led to the collection and reissue of his writings as Miscellanies.

Introduction; Book I. Birth and Parentage, 1712: 1. Proem: Friedrich's history from the distance we are at; 2. Friedrich's birth; 3. Father and mother: the Hanoverian connexion; 4. Father's mother; 5. King Friedrich I; Book II. Of Brandenburg and the Hohenzollerns, 928-1417: 1. Brannibor: Henry the Fowler; 2. Preussen: Saint Adalbert; 3. Markgraves of Brandenburg; 4. Albert the Bear; 5. Conrad of Hohenzollern, and Kaiser Barbarossa; 6. The Teutsch Ritters, or Teutonic Order; 7. Margraviate of Culmbach: Baireuth, Anspach; 8. Ascanier Markgraves in Brandenburg; 9. Burggraf Friedrich IV; 10. Brandenburg lapses to the Kaiser; 11. Bavarian Kurfursts in Brandenburg; 12. Brandenburg in Kaiser Karl's time: end of the Bavarian Kurfursts; 13. Luxemburg Kurfursts in Brandenburg; 14. Burggraf Friedrich VI; Book III. The Hohenzollerns in Brandenburg, 1412-1713: 1. Kurfurst Friedrich I; 2. Matinees du Roi de Prusse; 3. Kurfurst Friedrich II; 4. Kurfurst Albert Achilles, and his successor; 5. Of the Baireuth-Anspach branch; 6. Hochmeister Albert, third notable son of Friedrich; 7. Albert Alcibiades; 8. Historical meaning of the Reformation; 9. Kurfurst Joachim I; 10. Kurfurst Joachim II; 11. Seventh Kurfurst, Johann George; 12. Of Albert Friedrich, the second Duke of Preussen; 13. Ninth Kurfurst, Johann Sigismund; 14. Symptoms of a great war coming; 15. Tenth Kurfurst, George Wilhelm; 16. Thirty-Years War; 17. Duchy of Jagerndorf; 18. Friedrich Wilhelm, the Great Kurfurst, eleventh of the series; 19. King Friedrich I again; 20. Death of King Friedrich I; Book IV. Friedrich's Apprenticeship, First Stage, 1713-1723: 1. Childhood; double educational element; 2. The German element; 3. Friedrich Wilhelm is King; 4. His Majesty's ways; 5. Friedrich Wilhelm's one war; 6. The little drummer; 7. Transit of Czar Peter; 8. The Crown-Prince is put to his schooling; 9. Wusterhausen; 10. The Heidelberg Protestants; 11. Of the Crown-Prince's progress in his schooling; 12. Crown-Prince falls into disfavour with Papa; 13. Results of the Crown-Prince's schooling.