List of illustrations; Notes on contributors; General editors' preface; Acknowledgments; 1. Introduction: the age of the new Katharine Park and Lorraine Daston; Part I. The New Nature: 2. Physics and foundations Daniel Garber; 3. Scientific explanation Lynn S. Joy; 4. The meanings of experience Peter Dear; 5. Proof and persuasion Richard W. Serjeantson; Part II. Personae and Sites of Natural Knowledge: 6. The man of science Steven Shapin; 7. Women of natural knowledge Londa Schiebinger; 8. Markets, piazzas, and villages William Eamon; 9. Homes and households Alix Cooper; 10. Libraries and lecture halls Anthony Grafton; 11. Courts and academies Bruce T. Moran; 12. Anatomy theaters, botanical gardens, and natural history collections Paula Findlen; 13. Laboratories Pamela H. Smith; 14. Sites of military science and technology Kelly DeVries; 15. Coffeehouses and print shops Adrian Johns; 16. Networks of travel, correspondence, and exchange Steven J. Harris; Part III. Dividing the Study of Nature: 17. Natural philosophy Ann Blair; 18. Medicine Harold J. Cook; 19. Natural history Paula Findlen; 20. Cosmography Klaus A. Vogel (translated by Alisha Rankin); 21. From alchemy to 'chymistry' William R. Newman; 22. Magic Brian P. Copenhaver; 23. Astrology H. Darrel Rutkin; 24. Astronomy William Donahue; 25. Acoustics and optics Paolo Mancosu; 26. Mechanics Domenico Beroloni Meli; 27. The mechanical arts Jim Bennett; 28. Pure mathematics Kirsti Andersen and Henk J. M. Bos; Part IV. Cultural Meanings of Natural Knowledge: 29. Religion Rivka Feldhay; 30. Literature Mary Baine Campbell; 31. Art Carmen Niekrasz and Claudia Swan; 32. Gender Dorinda Outram; [...]opean expansion and self-definition Klaus A. Vogel (translated by Alisha Rankin); Index.