James Nagel is the Eidson Distinguished Professor Emeritus at the University of Georgia and a Visiting Scholar at Dartmouth College, USA. He is President of the Society for the Study of the American Short Story and Former President of the International Ernest Hemingway Society. Early in his career he founded the scholarly journal Studies in American Fiction and the widely influential series Critical Essays on American Literature, which published 156 volumes of scholarship. Among his twenty-three books are Stephen Crane and Literary Impressionism (1980), Hemingway in Love and War (1989, which was made into a Hollywood film starring Sandra Bullock), The Contemporary American Short-Story Cycle (2001), Anthology of The American Short Story (2007), The Blackwell Companion to the American Short Story (Wiley Blackwell, 2010), and Race and Culture in Stories of New Orleans (2014). He has been a Fulbright Professor as well as a Rockefeller Fellow. He has published some eighty articles in the field and lectured on American literature in fifteen countries.

Preface vii

Part 1 Introduction 1

Part 2 Historical Overview of the American Short Story 9

The American Story to Washington Irving 12

The Age of Romanticism 20

Realism and Naturalism 26

American Modernism 39

The Contemporary American Short Story 46

Part 3 Notable Authors of American Short Stories 55

Washington Irving 57

Edgar Allan Poe 62

Nathaniel Hawthorne 67

Herman Melville 71

Mark Twain 76

Bret Harte 82

Henry James 86

Kate Chopin 91

Stephen Crane 96

O. Henry 101

Sarah Orne Jewett 105

Charles W. Chesnutt 109

Willa Cather 115

F. Scott Fitzgerald 120

Ernest Hemingway 126

John Steinbeck 132

William Faulkner 139

Jamaica Kincaid 144

Tim O'Brien 150

Louise Erdrich 156

Part 4 Great American Short Stories 163

Benjamin Franklin, "The Speech of Polly Baker" 165

Ruri Colla, "The Story of the Captain's Wife and an Aged Woman" 168

Washington Irving, "Rip Van Winkle" 172

Nathaniel Hawthorne, "Young Goodman Brown" 177

Edgar Allan Poe, "The Cask of Amontillado" 180

Herman Melville, "Bartleby, the Scrivener" 184

Frances Ellen Watkins Harper, "The Two Offers" 189

Hamlin Garland, "Under the Lion's Paw" 192

Charlotte Perkins Gilman, "The Yellow Wallpaper" 196

Henry James, "The Real Thing" 202

Kate Chopin, "Désirée's Baby" 206

Ambrose Bierce, "An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge" 210

Stephen Crane, "The Blue Hotel" 214

Frank Norris, "A Deal in Wheat" 218

Edith Wharton, "The Other Two" 222

Willa Cather, "A Wagner Matinée" 226

Jack London, "To Build a Fire" 230

Jean Toomer, "Blood-Burning Moon" 233

F. Scott Fitzgerald, "Babylon Revisited" 236

Ernest Hemingway, "Indian Camp" 241

John Steinbeck, "The Chrysanthemums" 245

Eudora Welty, "Petrified Man" 249

William Faulkner, "Barn Burning" 253

Flannery O'Connor, "The River" 257

Tillie Olsen, "Help Her to Believe" ["I Stand Here Ironing"] 261

Raymond Carver, "Cathedral" 265

Louise Erdrich, "The Red Convertible" 269

Susan Minot, "Hiding" 273

Amy Tan, "The Joy Luck Club" 277

Tim O'Brien, "Sweetheart of the Song Tra Bong" 281

Jamaica Kincaid, "Columbus in Chains" 285

Judith Cofer, "Nada" 289

A Glossary for the Study of the American Short Story 293

Selected Books for Further Study of the American Short Story 303

Index 307