Henrik Lagerlund is Professor of Philosophy and Department Chair at the University of Western Ontario. He has published extensively on medieval philosophy, including the books Modal Syllogistics in the Middle Ages (2000), Rethinking the History of Skepticism (2010), and Representation and Objects of Thought in Medieval Philosophy (2008). He is also the editor-in-chief of the Encyclopedia of Medieval Philosophy (2011). Benjamin Hill is Associate Professor of Philosophy at the University of Western Ontario. He is a co-editor of The Philosophy of Francisco Suárez (2012), The Language of Nature: Reassessing the Mathematization of Natural Philosophy in the Seventeenth Century (2016)? , and a Sourcebook in the History of the Philosophy of Language (2016).

Preface Introduction Benjamin Hill and Henrik Lagerlund

1. I. Intellectual Background

1. Philosophical Methodologies Brian Copenhaver 2. The Discovery of the New World Joan-Pau Rubies 3. The Rise of Classical Scholarship Amos Edelheit 4. Trends in Logic and Logical Theory Henrik Lagerlund 5. Nominalism Calvin Normore 6. Averroism Kara Richardson II. Philosophical Movements 7. The Jesuits Cristiano Casalini 8. Philosophy Among and in the Wake of the Reformers: Luther, Zwingli, and Calvin Pekka Karkkainen 9. Justus Lipsius and Neo-stoicism Jan Papy III. Philosophical Controversies 10. The Immortality of the Soul: The Pomponazzi Affair Leen Spruit 11. Logic, Rhetoric, and Method: Rejections of Aristotle and the Ramist Affair(s) Simo Knuuttila 12. Political Authority and Tyrannicide: The Suárez-BellarmineAffair Cesare Cuttica ? IV. Philosophical Topics 13. The Rise of Philosophical Skepticism José Maia Neto 14. Scientia and Method: Regressus and Innatism Paolo Palmieri 15. Analogy and Analogical Predication: Innovations in the Philosophy of Language Jennifer Ashworth 16. Matter, Space, and Motion Benjamin Hill 17. Body and Internal Powers: Alchemy and Medicine Hiro Hirai 18. The Human Soul Sander de Boer 19. The Metaphysics of Substantial Forms Helen Hattab 20. Causality Erik Akerlund 21. The Nature of the Understanding: Intellect, Conception, and Concepts Cees Leijenhorst 22. Freedom of the Will Syndey Penner 23. Ethics Benjamin Hill and Henrik Lagerlund 24. Human Nature and Human Society: The Individual and Her Place in Society Anna Becker 25. Natural Law Part I: The Catholic Tradition Merio Scattola 26. Natural Law Part II: The Protestant and Philosophy Traditions Merio Scattola 27. The Nature of Wisdom and the Love of God Paul Richard Blum Index