Traditional Prenatal Diagnosis: Past to Present.- Overview of Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD): Historical Perspective and Future Direction.- Non-Invasive Approaches to Prenatal Diagnosis: Historical Perspective and Future Directions.- Molecular Testing for Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis of Single Gene Disorders.- Detection of Aneuploidy and Unbalanced Rearrangements using Comparative Genomic Hybridization Microarrays.- Aneuploidy Screening using Next Generation Sequencing.- DNA Extraction from Various Types of Prenatal Specimens.- Assessment of Maternal Cell Contamination in Prenatal Samples by Quantitative Fluorescent PCR (QF-PCR).- Rapid Prenatal Aneuploidy Screening by Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH).- Prenatal Detection of Chromosome Aneuploidy by Quantitative Fluorescence PCR.- Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) for Prenatal Diagnosis of Common Aneuploidies.- Chromosomal Microarray Analysis using Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization on DNA from Amniotic Fluid and Chorionic Villus Sampling.- Prenatal Diagnosis using Chromosomal SNP Microarrays.- Rapid Detection of Fetal Mendelian Disorders: Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Syndromes.- Prenatal Diagnosis of Cystic Fibrosis.- Prenatal Diagnosis of Tay-Sachs Disease.- Next-Generation Sequencing of Prenatal Structural Chormosomal Rearrangements using Large-Insert Libraries.- Prenatal Diagnosis by Whole Exome Sequencing in Fetuses with Ultrasound Abnormalities.- Quad Screen Test, A Multiplexed Biomarker Assay for Prenatal Screening to Assess Birth Defects: The Columbia University Experience using the Beckman Access2 Immunoassay Analyzer and Benetech PRA.- Isolation of Cell-Free DNA from Maternal Plasma.- Noninvasive Detection of Fetal Aneuploidy using Next-Generation Sequencing.- Noninvasive Antenatal Screening for Fetal RHD in RhD Negative Women to Guide Targeted Anti-D Prophylaxis.