Introduction Jonas Scherne and Eugene N. White; Part I. Germany's Wartime Dilemma: 1. Putting Versailles into perspective - Germany's economic aims for a victorious war in 1918 Carsten Burhop; 2. Germany's financial policies in Europe under Nazi hegemony - some fundamental principles, conflicts, and results Jonas Scherner; 3. Employing the enemy - the economic exploitation of POW and foreign labor from occupied territories by Nazi Germany Johann Custodis; Part II. The Occupied West: 4. The long shadow of Vichy - the long-term consequences of German occupation in France Eugene N. White; 5. Forced collaboration, entrepreneurial strategies, and their long-term effects in France Marcel Boldorf; 6. The Netherlands in ruins? Postwar economic problems in the Netherlands as a result of the German occupation Martijn Lak; 7. La politique du moindre mal - twice-occupied Belgium Kim Oosterlinck and Eugene N. White; 8. The economic and social impact of German construction programs in occupied France and Italy, 1940-5 Fabian Lemmes; Part III. Northern Europe: 9. Economic effects of the German occupation of Norway, 1940-5 Harald Espeli; 10. Sweden as an occupied country? Swedish-belligerent trade during World War II Eric Golson; 11. The impact of the German occupation in Denmark, 1940-5 Steen Andersen; 12. Master and slave? Equal partners? Economic interactions and exchange of strategic resources between Germany and Finland during the Second World War Jari Eloranta and Ilkka Nummela; Part IV. Eastern Europe: 13. System transformation as a consequence of war? Czechoslovakia's path from war to a planned economy Jaromir Balcar and Jaroslav Kucera; 14. German economic exploitation of Bulgaria, 1932-44 - short-term policies and long-term institutional effects Vera Asenova; 15. Soviet economic warfare, the German occupation of Ukraine, and the economics of the limiting factor Kim Christian Priemel; 16. The economic consequences of German occupation policy in Poland Romana Bräu.