1. Introduction Stig Forster and Jörg Nagler; Part I. Basic Questions: 2. Was the Civil War a Total War? Mark E. Neely Jr; 3. The American Civil War and the German Wars of Unification: the problem of comparison Carl Degler; Part II. Nationalism, Leadership, and War: 4. Confederate identity and the will to fight Richard E. Beringer; 5. Unionism and Abolition: political mobilization in the North Hans L. Trefousse; 6. The Prussian triangle of leadership in the face of people's war: a reassessment of the conflict between Bismarck and Moltke, 1870-71 Stig Forster; 7. Union generalship, political leadership, and Total War strategy Edward Hagerman; Part III. Mobilization and Warfare: 8. The Civil War armies: creation, mobilization, and development Herman M. Hattaway; 9. African-Americans and the mobilization for the Civil War Joseph T. Glatthaar; 10. The Civil War economy: a modern view Stanley L. Engerman and J. Matthew Gallman; 11. Industry and warfare in Prussia Ulrich Wengenroth; 12. The Prussian army from reform to war Manfred Messerschmidt; 13. French mobilization in 1870 William Serman; 14. From limited war to Total War in America James M. McPherson; 15. Remarks on the preconditions to waging war in Prussia-Germany, 1866-1871 Wilhelm Deist; Part IV. The Home Front: 16. Loyalty and dissent: the home front in the American Civil War Jorg Nagler; 17. 'The better angels of our nature': Lincoln, propaganda, and public opinion in the North during the Civil War Philip S. Paludan; 18. The permanence of internal war: the Prussian state and its opponents, 1870-71 Alf Ludtke; 19. French public opinion in 1870-71 and the emergence of Total War Stephane Audoin-Rouzeau; 20. Women and war in the Confederacy Donna Rebecca D. Krug; 21. German patriotic women's work in war and peacetime, 1864-1890 Jean H. Quataert; Part V. The Reality of War: 22. Tactics, trenches, and men in the Civil War Earl J. Hess; 23. Daily life at the front and the concept of Total War Thomas Rohkramer; 24. At the nihilist edge: reflections on guerrilla warfare during the American Civil War Michael Fellman; 25. The wars against Paris Robert Tombs; 26. 'Our prison system, supposing we had any': the Confederate and Union prison systems Reid Mitchell; 27. French prisoners of war in Germany, 1870-71 Manfred Botzenhart; Part VI. The Legacy: 28. The influence of the German Wars of Unification upon the United States Jay Luvaas; 29. From Civil War to world power: perceptions and realities, 1865-1914 Richard N. Current; 30. The myth of Gambetta and the 'people's war' in Germany and France, 1871-1914 Gerd Krumeich; 31. War memorials: a legacy of Total War? Annette Becker; Conclusions: 32. The American Civil War and the German Wars of Unification: some parting shots Roger Chickering; Index.