Presents major nonlinear ultrasonic methodologies at a glance

Transfers key technological know-how, helping the reader to quickly acquire measurement skills

Provides many tips for getting significant data from nonlinear ultrasonic characteristics

An essential guidebook for all researchers and laboratories in the field of ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation

Preface.- Chapter 1. Overviews: Nonlinear Ultrasonic Characteristics and Measurands.- Chapter 2. Elastic Nonlinearity induced Nonlinear Ultrasonic Characteristics.- 2.1 Higher Harmonics (HH) Generation,-2.2 Nonlinear Ultrasonic Parameters.- 2.2.1 Absolute Nonlinear Ultrasonic Parameter.- 2.2.2 Relative Nonlinear Ultrasonic Parameter.- 2.3 Measurement of Nonlinear Ultrasonic Parameter.- 2.3.1 Capacitive Detection and Laser-interferometric Detection.- 2.3.2 Piezo-electric Detection.- 2.3.3 Control of Propagation Distance and Control of Incident Wave Power.- 2.3.4 Phase Inversion Technique.- 2.4 Factors Affecting to Measurement Reliability.- 2.4.1 Measurement System: Transducer, Input Power, Contact Pressure, Electronic Equipment.- 2.4.2 Digital Signal Processings: Bandwidth of Incident Wave, Time Resolution, Amplitude Resolution.- 2.5 Applications to Assessment of Material Damage.- 2.5.1 Fatigue Damage.- 2.5.2 Plastic Deformation.- 2.5.3 Thermal Aging.- References.- Chapter 3. Nonlinear Acoustic Wave Interactions with Contact Interfaces: Methodologies and Applications.- 3.1. Nonlinear Reflection Approach to Interface Nonlinearity.- 3.1.1 Nonlinear acoustic reflection at an ideally bonded interface.- 3.2.1 Application of Reflection Concept to Nonlinear Interface Wave Propagation.- 3.3.1 Second Harmonic Generation of Interface Acoustic Waves.- 3.2. Acoustic Nonlinearity of a Non-Bonded Interface.- 3.2.1 Phenomenology of Contact Acoustic Nonlinearity (CAN).- 3.2.2 Higher Harmonics (HH) Generation at Contact Interfaces.- 3.2.3 Nonlinear Acoustic Reflection by Fractured Defects.- 3.2.4 Acoustic Rectification and Nonlinear Polarization Effects via CAN.- 3.3. Non-Classical Nonlinear Effects in Resonant Contact Inclusions.- 3.3.1 Concept of Local Defect Resonance.- 3.3.2 Sub- and Super-harmonic Resonances.- 3.3.3 Nonlinear Parametric Instability Effects.- 3.4. Applications for NonlinearImaging of Defects.- 3.4.1 Nonlinear Scanning Laser Vibrometry.- 3.4.2 Nonlinear Air-Coupled Emission (NACE).- 3.4.3 Case Studies of Nonlinear Imaging of Defects.- References.- Chapter 4. Nonlinear Ultrasonic Phased Array for Measurement of Closed-Crack Depth.- 4.1. Introduction.- 4.2. Harmonics.- 4.2.1. Principles.- 4.2.2. Experimental conditions.- 4.2.3. Imaging results.- 4.3. Parallel and sequential transmission.- 4.3.1. Principles.- 4.3.2. Experimental conditions.- 4.3.3. Imaging results.- 4.4. Full-, odd- and even-elements transmission.- 4.4.1. Principles.- 4.4.2. Experimental conditions.- 4.4.3. Imaging results.- 4.5. Utilization of thermal stress.- 4.5.1. Principles.- 4.5.2. Experimental conditions.- 4.5.3. Imaging results.- References.- Chapter 5. Nonlinear Guided Waves.- 5.1. Introduction.- 5.2. Background on guided wave propagation.- 5.3. Self Interaction.- 5.3.1. Basic principles.- 5.3.2. Lamb waves in plate.- 5.3.3. Shear horizontal waves in plate.- 5.3.4. Axisymmetric waves in pipe.- 5.3.5. Flexural waves in pipe.- 5.4. Mutual interaction in plate.- 5.4.1. Basic principles.- 5.4.2. Collinear waves.- 5.4.3. Non-collinear waves.- 5.5. Actuation of primary waves and reception of secondary waves.- 5.5.1. Actuation of Lamb and L(0,n) waves.- 5.5.2. Actuation of SH and T(0,n) waves.- 5.5.3. Reception.- 5.5.4. Effects of diffraction .- 5.6. Signal processing.- 5.6.1. Fast Fourier transform.- 5.6.2. Phase inversion.- 5.7. Measurement considerations.- 5.7.1. Measurement nonlinearities.- 5.7.2. Material nonlinearity.- 5.7.3. Contact acoustic nonlinearity.- 5.7.4. Measuring progressive degradation.- References.- Chapter 6. Nonlinear Frequency-Mixing Photoacoustic Characterization of a Crack .- 6.1. Introduction in nonlinear photoacoustics.- 6.1.1. An overview of NDT methods combining laser optics with nonlinear acoustics.- 6.1.2.Generation of the thermo-elastic stresses and of acoustic waves by modulation of cw-laser radiation.- 6.1.3. Influence of stationary laser heating on a crack.- 6.2. Nonlinear frequency-mixing photo-acoustic method for crack detection.- 6.2.1. Principle of the method.- 6.2.2. One dimensional imaging of a crack.- 6.2.3. Two-dimensional imaging of a crack.- 6.2.4. Role of classical and nonclassical nonlinearities.- 6.3. Breathing and spatial resolution evolution with experimental parameters.- 6.3.1. Influence of the probe power.- 6.3.2. Influence of the pump power.- 6.3.3. Influence of the local crack parameters.- 6.4. Towards quantitative evaluation of local crack parameters.- 6.4.1. Experimental observations.- 6.4.2. Theoretical model,-6.4.3. Extraction of crack parameters,-References