KO-PEN WANG, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

ATUL C. MEHTA, MD, FACP, FCCP, Professor of Medicine, Buoncore Family Endowed Chair in Lung Transplantation, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.

J. FRANCIS TURNER, JR., MD, FACP, FCCP, FCCM, Professor, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, Knoxville, TN, USA; National Supercomputing Institute, University of Nevada, NV, USA.

List of Contributors ix

Preface xiii

About the Companion Website xv

1 A Short History of Flexible Bronchoscopy: From Fiberoptics to Robotics 1
Heinrich D. Becker

2 Professor Ikeda's Genius: The Flexible Bronchoscope and Flexible Bronchoscopy Training 21
Jason Akulian and David Feller-Kopman

3 Applied Anatomy of the Airways 27
Mani S. Kavuru, Atul C. Mehta, and J. Francis Turner, Jr.

4 Infection Control and Radiation Safety in the Bronchoscopy Suite 35
Prasoon Jain, Sarah Hadique, and Atul C. Mehta

5 Anesthetic Management for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Bronchoscopy 63
Blake A. Moore, J. Francis Turner, Jr., and Ko-Pen Wang

6 Indications and Contraindications in Flexible Bronchoscopy 81
Robert F. Browning Jr., J. Francis Turner, Jr., and Ko-Pen Wang

7 Radial-Probe Ultrasonography in Flexible Bronchoscopy 103
Noriaki Kurimoto, Takeshi Isobe, Takeo Inoue, and Teruomi Miyazawa

8 Convex-Probe Ultrasonography in Flexible Bronchoscopy 111
Andrew Pattison and Kazuhiro Yasufuku

9 Early Diagnosis of Lung Cancer: Autofluorescence Bronchoscopy, Narrow-Band Imaging, Optical Coherence Tomography, Raman Spectroscopy 127
Renelle Myers and Stephen C.T. Lam

10 Electromagnetic Navigation Bronchoscopy 137
Carlos Aravena Leon and Thomas R. Gildea

11 Virtual Bronchoscopic Navigation 155
Swati Baveja, Wolfgang Hohenforst-Schmidt, J. Francis Turner, Jr., and Ko-Pen Wang

12 Indirect Laryngoscopy: Anatomy and Use of the Flexible Bronchoscope 161
Eric R. Carlson and Thomas Schlieve

13 Bronchoscopy for Airway Lesions: Washing, Brushing, and Endobronchial Biopsy 179
Heinrich D. Becker

14 Bronchoalveolar Lavage 185
Wei Zhang, Yi Huang, and Richard Helmers

15 Bronchoscopic Lung Biopsy 207
Sean McKay, Robert F. Browning Jr., J. Francis Turner, Jr., and Ko-Pen Wang

16 Transbronchial Needle Aspiration for Cytology and Histology Specimens 221
Yang Xia, J. Francis Turner, Jr., Atul C. Mehta, and Ko-Pen Wang

17 Staging of Bronchogenic Carcinoma: Our Path from 1994 to the Present 251
J. Francis Turner, Jr. and Ko-Pen Wang

18 The Future of Interventional Pulmonology 263
Ala Eddin Sagar and David E. Ost

19 Application of Laser, Electrocautery, Argon Plasma Coagulation, and Cryotherapy in Flexible Bronchoscopy 271
Danai Khemasuwan and Semra Bilaceroglu

20 Flexible Bronchoscopy and the Application of Endobronchial Brachytherapy, Fiducial Placement, Radiofrequency Ablation, and Microwave Ablation 285
Michael A. Jantz

21 Foreign Body Aspiration and Flexible Bronchoscopy 319
Erik E. Folch, Alexander S. Rabin, and Atul C. Mehta

22 The Role of Bronchoscopy in Hemoptysis 333
Guo-wu Zhou, Hai-dong Huang, Chong Bai, and Sunit R. Patel

23 Endobronchial Stents 351
Septimiu D. Murgu, Jonathan S. Kurman, J. Francis Turner, Jr., Atul C. Mehta, and Ko-Pen Wang

24 Balloon Bronchoplasty 379
Ben Bevill, Luca Paoletti, and Nicholas J. Pastis Jr.

25 Rigid Bronchoscopy 387
J. Francis Turner, Jr. and Ko-Pen Wang

26 Pediatric Flexible Bronchoscopy 397
Xicheng Liu, Chen Meng, Jing Ma, and Shunying Zhao

27 Bronchoscopy in the Intensive Care Unit 411
Ali Sadoughi and Alexander Chen

28 Bronchial Thermoplasty Management of Asthma 421
Ara A. Chrissian, Samir Makani, and Michael J. Simoff

29 Endoscopic Management of Emphysema 433
Stefano Gasparini and Martina Bonifazi

30 Endoscopic Management of Bronchopleural Fistulas 445
Ming-yao Ke, Hai-dong Huang, and J. Francis Turner, Jr.

31 Clinical Management of Benign Airway Stenosis and Tracheobronchomalacia 455
Qiang Li and Yang Xia

Index 471