Dr. Waleed A. Azab is a Consultant Neurosurgeon at the Department Neurosurgery, Ibn Sina Hospital, Kuwait. After obtaining a Doctorate Degree and a European Board Certification in Neurosurgery, he completed a Neuroendoscopy Fellowship at Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, and a clinical attachment at the Minimally Invasive Cranial Surgery Program at James and Wexner Medical Center,

Ohio State University. Neuroendoscopy is the main focus of his surgical interest and clinical research including Endoscopic Endonasal Pituitary and Skull base, Brain and Intraventricular and spinal procedures. He authored many research articles and book chapters in the field, and he is an executive board member of both the Neuroendoscopy Committee of the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) and the International Federation of Neuroendoscopy (IFNE), and a member of many national and international neurosurgical societies.

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Preface.- 1. Comparative optics of the surgical microscope and rigid endoscopes in neurosurgery.- 2. Brain tumors anatomy with tractography fluorescence and confocal endoscopy.- 3. Fluorophores in endoscopic neurosurgery.- 4. Endoscopic anatomy of the skull base.- 5. Endoscopic excision of intra-axial brain tumors.- 6. Fully endoscopic non-tubular retractor approach for intra-axial tumors.- 7. Endoscopic cylinder surgery for ventricular lesions.- 8. Purely endoscopic treatment for arachnoid cysts.- 9. Purely endoscopic evacuation of intracranial hematomas.- 10. Full endoscopic transcranial resection of meningiomas.- 11. Fully endoscopic supraorbital approach for anterior cranial base meningiomas.- 12. Endoscopic eyebrow approach for aneurysms.- 13. Endoscopic supraorbital translaminar approach.- 14. Transorbital route to intracranial space.- 15. Purely endoscopic supra-cerebellar infra-tentorial approach to the pineal region.- 16. Fully endoscopic retrosigmoid approach for cerebellopontine angle tumors. 17. Endoscopic microvascular decompression.- 18. Fully endoscopic resection of frontal osteomas.