1. Introduction Roger S. Bagnall; Part I. The Culture of Byzantine Egypt: 2. Poets and pagans in Byzantine Egypt Alan Cameron; 3. Higher education in early Byzantine Egypt: rhetoric, Latin, and the law Raffaella Cribiore; 4. Philosophy in its social context Leslie S. B. MacCoull; 5. Coptic literature in the Byzantine and early Islamic world Stephen Emmel; 6. Early Christian architecture in Egypt and its relationship to the architecture of the Byzantine world Peter Grossmann; 7. Coptic and Byzantine textiles found in Egypt: corpora, collections, and scholarly perspectives Thelma Thomas; 8. Between tradition and innovation: Egyptian funerary practices in late antiquity Françoise Dunand; Part II. Government, Environments, Society and Economy: 9. Alexandria in the fourth-seventh centuries Zsolt Kiss; 10. The other cities in later Roman Egypt Peter van Minnen; 11. Byzantine Egyptian villages James Keenan; 12. The imperial presence: government and army Bernhard Palme; 13. Byzantine Egypt and imperial law Joëlle Beaucamp; 14. Aristocratic landholding and the economy of Byzantine Egypt Todd Hickey; 15. Gender and society in Byzantine Egypt Terry Wilfong; Part III. Christianity: The Church and Monasticism: 16. The institutional church Ewa Wipszycka; 17. The cult of saints: a haven of continuity in a changing world? Arietta Papaconstantinou; 18. Divine architects: designing the monastic dwelling place Darlene Brooks Hedstrom; 19. Monasticism in Byzantine Egypt: continuity and memory James Goehring; 20. Depicting the kingdom of heaven: paintings and monastic practice in late antique Egypt Elizabeth Bolman; Part IV. Epilogue: 21. The Arab conquest of Egypt and the beginning of Muslim rule Petra Sijpesteijn.