Preface

1 Digital Systems and Binary Numbers

1.1 Digital Systems

1.2 Binary Numbers

1.3 Number-Base Conversions

1.4 Octal and Hexadecimal Numbers

1.5 Complements of Numbers

1.6 Signed Binary Numbers

1.7 Binary Codes

1.8 Binary Storage and Registers

1.9 Binary Logic

2 Boolean Algebra and Logic Gates

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Basic Definitions

2.3 Axiomatic Definition of Boolean Algebra

2.4 Basic Theorems and Properties of Boolean Algebra

2.5 Boolean Functions

2.6 Canonical and Standard Forms

2.7 Other Logic Operations

2.8 Digital Logic Gates

2.9 Integrated Circuits

3 Gate-Level Minimization

3.1 Introduction

3.2 The Map Method

3.3 Four-Variable K-Map

3.4 Product-of-Sums Simplification

3.5 Don't-Care Conditions

3.6 NAND and NOR Implementation

3.7 Other Two-Level Implementations

3.8 Exclusive-OR Function

3.9 Hardware Description Languages (HDLs)

4 Combinational Logic

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Combinational Circuits

4.3 Analysis of Combinational Circuits

4.4 Design Procedure

4.5 Binary Adder-Subtractor

4.6 Decimal Adder

4.7 Binary Multiplier

4.8 Magnitude Comparator

4.9 Decoders

4.10 Encoders

4.11 Multiplexers

4.12 HDL Models of Combinational Circuits

5 Synchronous Sequential Logic

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Sequential Circuits

5.3 Storage Elements: Latches

5.4 Storage Elements: Flip-Flops

5.5 Analysis of Clocked Sequential Circuits

5.6 Synthesizable HDL Models of Sequential Circuits

5.7 State Reduction and Assignment

5.8 Design Procedure

6 Registers and Counters

6.1 Registers

6.2 Shift Registers

6.3 Ripple Counters

6.4 Synchronous Counters

6.5 Other Counters

6.6 HDL Models of Registers and Counters

7 Memory and Programmable Logic

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Random-Access Memory

7.3 Memory Decoding

7.4 Error Detection and Correction

7.5 Read-Only Memory

7.6 Programmable Logic Array

7.7 Programmable Array Logic

7.8 Sequential Programmable Devices

8 Design at the Register Transfer Level

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Register Transfer Level (RTL) Notation

8.3 RTL descriptions VERILOG (Edge- and Level-Sensitive Behaviors)

8.4 Algorithmic State Machines (ASMs)

8.5 Design Example (ASMD Chart)

8.6 HDL Description of Design Example

8.7 Sequential Binary Multiplier

8.8 Control Logic

8.9 HDL Description of Binary Multiplier

8.10 Design with Multiplexers

8.11 Race-Free Design (Software Race Conditions)

8.12 Latch-Free Design (Why Waste Silicon?)

8.13 System Verilog-An Introduction

9 Laboratory Experiments with Standard ICs and FPGAs

9.1 Introduction t