Preface1. The Longest Siege

Sarajevo on Center Stage

The Cast of Characters

Front Stage and Backstage: Formal and Informal Roles

Conflict Narratives

Criminalized Conflict Narratives

Preview2. Imposing the Siege

The Road to Siege Warfare

The Start of the Siege and the Criminally Aided Defense

The International Response3. Sustaining the Siege

Diverting and Manipulating Humanitarian Aid

Exploiting the Privileges of Mobility and Access

The UN-Controlled Airport as Smuggling Hub

Tunneling under the Siege: Lifeline and Profit Center

Trading with the Enemy

The Media and Its Dependence on the Black Market

The Money Letter Smuggling System

The Smugglers' Markets and Cigarettes as Currency4. The Siege Within

Criminal Defenders as Predators

Political Corruption, Abuse, and Opportunism

Obstructing Access to Water5. Lifting the Siege

Front Stage:Triggering NATO Air Strikes

Backstage: Shifting the Military Balance by Evading the UN Arms Embargo6. Aftermath

The Criminalized Aftermath of War

The Criminalized New Elite

Sarajevo as Transit Point for Migrant Smuggling

Sex Trafficking and Peacekeeping

The Arizona Market: Peace through Illicit Trade?7. Extensions

Srebrenica

Leningrad

Grozny

FallujaConclusions

Revisiting Sarajevo

Lessons from SarajevoNotes

Index