1 History of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery

2 Anatomy of the Spine: An Overview

3 Biomechanical Role of the Osseous, Ligamentous, and Muscular Structures of the Spine

4 Pathophysiology and Operative Treatment of Discogenic Back Pain

5 Pathophysiology of Back Pain

6 Rationale for Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery

7 Overcoming the Learning Curve

8 Operating Room Setup

Part II Patient Education and Business Basics

9 Patient Education

10 Establishing an Ambulatory Spine Surgery Center

11 Establishing Ancillary Services and Health Care Regulatory Implications

12 Bringing Novel Spine Devices to the Marketplace

Part III Image Guidance, Monitoring, and Nonoperative Techniques

13 Computer Navigational Guidance in Spine Surgery

14 Intraoperative Monitoring

15 Injection-Based Spine Procedures and Diagnostic Procedures

16 Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Tumors of the Spine

Part IV Surgical Techniques

Section I Cervical Spine

17 Transoral and Transnasal Approaches to the Craniocervical Junction

18 Posterior Cervical Microforaminotomy and Discectomy

19 Posterior Cervical Approach

20 Anterior Cervical Discectomy, Fusion, and Instrumentation

21 Cervical Arthroplasty

22 Cervical Case Studies

Section II Thoracic Spine

23 Posterior Thoracic Microdiscectomy

24 Anterior Thoracoscopic Sympathectomy

25 Thoracoscopic Discectomy and Thoracoscopy-Assisted Tubular Retractor Discectomy

26 Anterior Thoracoscopic Vertebral Reconstruction and Instrumentation

27 Minimally Invasive Deformity Correction

28 Minimally Invasive Treatment of Thoracic and Thoracolumbar Idiopathic Scoliosis

29 Kyphoplasty and Vertebroplasty

30 Minimally Invasive Robotic-Assisted Thoracic Spine Surgery

31 Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery: Thoracic Case Studies

Section III Lumbar Spine

32 Endoscopic Spine Techniques: An Overview

33 Muscle Preserving Lumbar Microdiscectomy

34 Far-Lateral Microdiscectomy

35 Minimally Invasive Laminectomy for Lumbar Stenosis

36 Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion

37 Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Placement for Spinal Instrumentation

38 Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion

39 Transpsoas Anatomical Approach to the Spine

40 eXtreme Lateral Interbody Fusion

41 Trans-sacral Approach

42 Stabilization of the Sacroiliac Joint with the Sacroiliac Bone Surgical Implant

43 Lumbar Disc Replacement: The Artificial Disc

44 Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery: Lumbar Case Studies

Part V Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery for Tumors

45 Advances in Minimally Invasive Surgery for Spine Tumors

46 Benign Spinal Tumors

47 Radiofrequency Tumor Ablation with Vertebroplasty for the Treatment of Spine Metastases

48 Minimally Invasive Resection of Intradural Spinal Tumors

Part VI Complications and Outcome Analysis

49 Clinical Outcome Analyses

50 Avoiding Complications in Minimally Invasive Spine Procedures

Part VII Future Considerations

51 Stem Cell Based Intervertebral Disc Restoration