Acknowledgements; 1. Introduction: key notions and trade-offs involved in MRVing emissions Valentin Bellassen and Ian Cochran; Part I. MRV of Territorial/Jurisdictional Emissions: 2. Trend setter for territorial schemes: national GHG inventories under the UNFCCC Jean-Pierre Chang and Valentin Bellassen; 3. Variant n°1: region/city geographical inventories Ian Cochran; 4. Variant n°2: sectoral MRV at the jurisdictional level - forestry (REDD+) in the VCS and the UNFCCC Mariana Deheza and Valentin Bellassen; Part II. MRV of Industrial Sites and Entities: 5. Trend setter for companies and industrial sites: the EU Emissions Trading Scheme Guillaume Jacquier and Valentin Bellassen; 6. Variant n°1: the waste sector in Australia's carbon pricing mechanism, another ETS at site level Marion Afriat and Emilie Alberola; 7. Variant n°2: non-site level emissions in an ETS - the case of electricity importers in the California cap-and-trade Marion Afriat and Emilie Alberola; 8. Variant n°3: emissions of a company/institution rather than a site: the case of the Shenzhen ETS Caspar Chiquet; 9. Variant n°4: coexistence of voluntary and mandatory frameworks at the company level: Carbon Disclosure Project, EU ETS and French legal requirements Romain Morel and Ian Cochran; 10. Direct measurement in the EU ETS Chris Dimopoulos; Part III. MRV at Offset Project Scale: 11. Trend setter for projects: the Clean Development Mechanism Igor Shishlov; 12. Case study n°1: monitoring requirements for projects reducing N2O emissions from fertilizer use across standards Claudine Foucherot; 13. Case study n°2: monitoring requirements for reforestation and improved forest management projects across standards Mariana Deheza; 14. Case study n°3: monitoring requirements for fugitive emissions from fuels in the CDM Alexandra Barker and Rod Robinson; 15. Synthesis Valentin Bellassen, Nicolas Stephan, Marion Afriat, Emilie Alberola, Alexander Barker, Jean-Pierre Chang, Caspar Chiquet, Ian Cochran, Mariana Deheza, Chris Dimopoulos, Claudine Foucherot, Guillaume Jacquier, Romain Morel, Rod Robinson and Igor Shishlov; Index.