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Support your EAL learners with the clear approach of iEssential Economics for Cambridge IGCSE & O Level (Third Edition), which builds understanding and confidence. Written by examiners, it is fully matched to the latest syllabus (0455/2281), for examination from 2020.
Support your EAL learners with the clear approach of iEssential Economics for Cambridge IGCSE & O Level (Third Edition), which builds understanding and confidence. Written by examiners, it is fully matched to the latest syllabus (0455/2281), for examination from 2020.
Zusammenfassung
A step-by-step approach for the latest Economics syllabus
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- Syllabus matching grid
- 1 The basic economic problem: Choice and the allocation of resources
- 1.1 The nature of the economic problem
- 1.1.1: The economic problem
- 1.1.2: Economic and free goods
- 1.2 The factors of production
- 1.2.1: Factors of production and their rewards
- 1.2.2: Mobility, quantity and quality of factors of production
- 1.3 Opportunity cost
- 1.3.1: Definition and examples of opportunity cost
- 1.3.2: Opportunity cost and economic decision making
- 1.4 Production possibility curves
- 1.4.1: The production possibility frontier
- 1.4.2: Movements and shifts along a production possibility curve
- Test yourself
- 2 The allocation of resources: How the market works and market failure
- 2.1 Microeconomics and macroeconomics
- 2.1.1: The difference between microeconomics and macroeconomics
- 2.2 The roles of markets in allocating resources
- 2.2.1: The market system
- 2.2.2: Resource allocation decisions
- 2.3 Demand
- 2.3.1: Price and demand
- 2.3.2: Causes of shifts in the demand curve
- 2.4 Supply
- 2.4.1: Price and supply
- 2.4.2: Conditions of supply
- 2.5 Price determination
- 2.5.1: Market equilibrium
- 2.6 Price changes
- 2.6.1: Causes and consequences of price changes
- 2.7 Elasticity of demand
- 2.7.1: Price elasticity of demand
- 2.7.2: Elasticity of demand and total spending/product revenue
- 2.8 Elasticity of supply
- 2.8.1: Price elasticity of supply
- 2.9 Market economic systems
- 2.9.1: The market economic system
- 2.9.2: Merits and weaknesses of a market system
- 2.10 Market failure
- 10 Market failure 48 2.10.1: The nature of market failure
- 2.10.2: Private and social costs and benefits
- 2.10.3: Causes of market failure
- 2.11 Mixed economic systems
- 2.11.1: The nature of a mixed economy
- 2.11.2: Government influence on micro-economy: regulation
- 2.11.3: Government influence on micro-economy: subsidies
- 2.11.4: Government influence on micro-economy: indirect taxes
- Test yourself
- 3 Microeconomic decision makers: The individual as producer, consumer and borrower
- 3.1 Money and banking
- 3.1.1: Money
- 3.1.2: Commercial banks
- 3.1.3: Central banks
- 3.2 Households
- 3.2.1: Influences on spending, saving and borrowing
- 3.2.2: Income and expenditure patterns
- 3.3 Workers
- 3.3.1: Factors affecting occupation choice
- 3.3.2: Wage determination
- 3.3.3: Differences in earnings
- 3.3.4: Division of labour/specialisation
- 3.4 Trade unions
- 3.4.1: Nature and purpose of trade unions
- 3.5 Firms
- 3.5.1: Classification of firms
- 3.5.2: Small firms
- 3.5.3: Growth of firms
- 3.5.4: Mergers and integration
- 3.5.5: Economies and diseconomies of scale
- 3.6 Firms and production
- 3.6.1: Demand for factors of production
- 3.6.2: Labour-intensive and capital-intensive production
- 3.6.3: Production and productivity
- 3.7 Firms' cost, revenue and objectives
- 3.7.1: Fixed and variable costs
- 3.7.2: Total and average costs
- 3.7.3: Output and costs
- 3.7.4: Revenue
- 3.7.5: Objectives of firms
- 3.8 Market structure
- 3.8.1: Competitive markets
- 3.8.2: Monopoly markets
- Test yourself
- 4 Government and the macroeconomy
- 4.1 The role of government
- 4.1.1: Government roles
- 4.2 Macroeconomic aims of government
- 4.2.1: Macroeconomic aims
- 4.2.2: Conflicts between government aims
- 4.3 Fiscal policy
- 4.3.1: Elements of fiscal policy
- 4.3.2: Classification of taxes
- 4.3.3: Principles and impacts of taxation
- 4.3.4: Fiscal policy and government aims
- 4.4 Monetary policy
- 4.4.1: Monetary policy measures
- 4.5 Supply-side policy
- 4.5.1: The effects of supply-side policy
- 4.6 Economic growth
- 4.6.1: Measuring Gross Domestic Product
- 4.6.2: Economic growth and recession
- 4.6.3: Illustrating growth and recession
- 4.6.4: Government policies for economic growth
- 4.7 Employment and unemployment
- 4.7.1: Patterns and levels of employment
- 4.7.2: Full employment
- 4.7.3: Causes of unemployment
- 4.7.4: Consequences of unemployment
- 4.8 Inflation and deflation
- 4.8.1: The Retail Prices Index and inflation
- 4.8.2: Causes of inflation
- 4.8.3: Consequences of inflation
- 4.8.4: Causes and consequences of deflation
- 4.8.5: Policies to control inflation and deflation
- Test yourself
- 5 Economic development
- 5.1: Living standards
- 5.1.1: Indicators of living standards
- 5.1.2: Comparing living standards and income distribution
- 5.2 Poverty
- 5.2.1: Causes of poverty
- 5.2.2: Policies to alleviate poverty
- 5.3 Population
- 5.3.1: Factors that affect population growth
- 5.3.2: Reasons for different rates of population growth
- 5.3.3: Problems of population change
- 5.3.4: The effect of changing population sizes on an economy
- 5.3.5: Changes in population structure and their effect on an economy
- 5.4 Differences in economic development between countries
- 5.4.1: Different rates of development
- 5.4.2: Factors affecting development
- Test yourself
- 6 International trade and globalisation
- 6.1 International specialisation
- 6.1.1: Advantages and disadvantages of specialisation
- 6.2 Globalisation, free trade and protection
- 6.2.1: Globalisation
- 6.2.2: Multinationals
- 6.2.3: The benefits of free trade
- 6.2.4: Methods of protection
- 6.2.5: Reasons for protection
- 6.3 Foreign exchange rates
- 6.3.1: Exchange rates
- 6.3.2: Causes of foreign exchange rate fluctuations
- 6.3.3: Consequences of fluctuations
- 6.4 The balance of payments
- 6.4.1: The current account of the balance of payments
- 6.4.2: Current account deficit and surplus
- 6.4.3: Policies to achieve balance of payments stability
- Test yourself
- Glossary
- Index
Details
| Erscheinungsjahr: | 2018 |
|---|---|
| Produktart: | Schulbücher |
| Rubrik: | Schule & Lernen |
| Medium: | Taschenbuch |
| Seiten: | 248 |
| Inhalt: | Bundle |
| ISBN-13: | 9780198424895 |
| ISBN-10: | 0198424892 |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Einband: | Kartoniert / Broschiert |
| Autor: |
King, Jane
Dransfield, Robert Cook, Terry |
| Hersteller: | Oxford University Press |
| Maße: | 195 x 264 x 18 mm |
| Von/Mit: | Jane King (u. a.) |
| Erscheinungsdatum: | 19.04.2018 |
| Gewicht: | 0,612 kg |
Zusammenfassung
A step-by-step approach for the latest Economics syllabus
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- Syllabus matching grid
- 1 The basic economic problem: Choice and the allocation of resources
- 1.1 The nature of the economic problem
- 1.1.1: The economic problem
- 1.1.2: Economic and free goods
- 1.2 The factors of production
- 1.2.1: Factors of production and their rewards
- 1.2.2: Mobility, quantity and quality of factors of production
- 1.3 Opportunity cost
- 1.3.1: Definition and examples of opportunity cost
- 1.3.2: Opportunity cost and economic decision making
- 1.4 Production possibility curves
- 1.4.1: The production possibility frontier
- 1.4.2: Movements and shifts along a production possibility curve
- Test yourself
- 2 The allocation of resources: How the market works and market failure
- 2.1 Microeconomics and macroeconomics
- 2.1.1: The difference between microeconomics and macroeconomics
- 2.2 The roles of markets in allocating resources
- 2.2.1: The market system
- 2.2.2: Resource allocation decisions
- 2.3 Demand
- 2.3.1: Price and demand
- 2.3.2: Causes of shifts in the demand curve
- 2.4 Supply
- 2.4.1: Price and supply
- 2.4.2: Conditions of supply
- 2.5 Price determination
- 2.5.1: Market equilibrium
- 2.6 Price changes
- 2.6.1: Causes and consequences of price changes
- 2.7 Elasticity of demand
- 2.7.1: Price elasticity of demand
- 2.7.2: Elasticity of demand and total spending/product revenue
- 2.8 Elasticity of supply
- 2.8.1: Price elasticity of supply
- 2.9 Market economic systems
- 2.9.1: The market economic system
- 2.9.2: Merits and weaknesses of a market system
- 2.10 Market failure
- 10 Market failure 48 2.10.1: The nature of market failure
- 2.10.2: Private and social costs and benefits
- 2.10.3: Causes of market failure
- 2.11 Mixed economic systems
- 2.11.1: The nature of a mixed economy
- 2.11.2: Government influence on micro-economy: regulation
- 2.11.3: Government influence on micro-economy: subsidies
- 2.11.4: Government influence on micro-economy: indirect taxes
- Test yourself
- 3 Microeconomic decision makers: The individual as producer, consumer and borrower
- 3.1 Money and banking
- 3.1.1: Money
- 3.1.2: Commercial banks
- 3.1.3: Central banks
- 3.2 Households
- 3.2.1: Influences on spending, saving and borrowing
- 3.2.2: Income and expenditure patterns
- 3.3 Workers
- 3.3.1: Factors affecting occupation choice
- 3.3.2: Wage determination
- 3.3.3: Differences in earnings
- 3.3.4: Division of labour/specialisation
- 3.4 Trade unions
- 3.4.1: Nature and purpose of trade unions
- 3.5 Firms
- 3.5.1: Classification of firms
- 3.5.2: Small firms
- 3.5.3: Growth of firms
- 3.5.4: Mergers and integration
- 3.5.5: Economies and diseconomies of scale
- 3.6 Firms and production
- 3.6.1: Demand for factors of production
- 3.6.2: Labour-intensive and capital-intensive production
- 3.6.3: Production and productivity
- 3.7 Firms' cost, revenue and objectives
- 3.7.1: Fixed and variable costs
- 3.7.2: Total and average costs
- 3.7.3: Output and costs
- 3.7.4: Revenue
- 3.7.5: Objectives of firms
- 3.8 Market structure
- 3.8.1: Competitive markets
- 3.8.2: Monopoly markets
- Test yourself
- 4 Government and the macroeconomy
- 4.1 The role of government
- 4.1.1: Government roles
- 4.2 Macroeconomic aims of government
- 4.2.1: Macroeconomic aims
- 4.2.2: Conflicts between government aims
- 4.3 Fiscal policy
- 4.3.1: Elements of fiscal policy
- 4.3.2: Classification of taxes
- 4.3.3: Principles and impacts of taxation
- 4.3.4: Fiscal policy and government aims
- 4.4 Monetary policy
- 4.4.1: Monetary policy measures
- 4.5 Supply-side policy
- 4.5.1: The effects of supply-side policy
- 4.6 Economic growth
- 4.6.1: Measuring Gross Domestic Product
- 4.6.2: Economic growth and recession
- 4.6.3: Illustrating growth and recession
- 4.6.4: Government policies for economic growth
- 4.7 Employment and unemployment
- 4.7.1: Patterns and levels of employment
- 4.7.2: Full employment
- 4.7.3: Causes of unemployment
- 4.7.4: Consequences of unemployment
- 4.8 Inflation and deflation
- 4.8.1: The Retail Prices Index and inflation
- 4.8.2: Causes of inflation
- 4.8.3: Consequences of inflation
- 4.8.4: Causes and consequences of deflation
- 4.8.5: Policies to control inflation and deflation
- Test yourself
- 5 Economic development
- 5.1: Living standards
- 5.1.1: Indicators of living standards
- 5.1.2: Comparing living standards and income distribution
- 5.2 Poverty
- 5.2.1: Causes of poverty
- 5.2.2: Policies to alleviate poverty
- 5.3 Population
- 5.3.1: Factors that affect population growth
- 5.3.2: Reasons for different rates of population growth
- 5.3.3: Problems of population change
- 5.3.4: The effect of changing population sizes on an economy
- 5.3.5: Changes in population structure and their effect on an economy
- 5.4 Differences in economic development between countries
- 5.4.1: Different rates of development
- 5.4.2: Factors affecting development
- Test yourself
- 6 International trade and globalisation
- 6.1 International specialisation
- 6.1.1: Advantages and disadvantages of specialisation
- 6.2 Globalisation, free trade and protection
- 6.2.1: Globalisation
- 6.2.2: Multinationals
- 6.2.3: The benefits of free trade
- 6.2.4: Methods of protection
- 6.2.5: Reasons for protection
- 6.3 Foreign exchange rates
- 6.3.1: Exchange rates
- 6.3.2: Causes of foreign exchange rate fluctuations
- 6.3.3: Consequences of fluctuations
- 6.4 The balance of payments
- 6.4.1: The current account of the balance of payments
- 6.4.2: Current account deficit and surplus
- 6.4.3: Policies to achieve balance of payments stability
- Test yourself
- Glossary
- Index
Details
| Erscheinungsjahr: | 2018 |
|---|---|
| Produktart: | Schulbücher |
| Rubrik: | Schule & Lernen |
| Medium: | Taschenbuch |
| Seiten: | 248 |
| Inhalt: | Bundle |
| ISBN-13: | 9780198424895 |
| ISBN-10: | 0198424892 |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Einband: | Kartoniert / Broschiert |
| Autor: |
King, Jane
Dransfield, Robert Cook, Terry |
| Hersteller: | Oxford University Press |
| Maße: | 195 x 264 x 18 mm |
| Von/Mit: | Jane King (u. a.) |
| Erscheinungsdatum: | 19.04.2018 |
| Gewicht: | 0,612 kg |
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