Practical, quick reference to laboratory test procedures routinely used in the veterinary setting
The Second Edition of Veterinary Technician's Handbook of Laboratory Procedures provides a significant update and expansion to the First Edition, with larger and better-quality images, more images overall, and significant updates to information and equipment throughout.
New chapters cover topics such as microbiology and parasitology, and the Second Edition newly covers quality assurance in the introductory chapter as well.
Now encompassing topics in all areas of clinical pathology, the book covers procedures in hematology, clinical chemistry, urinalysis, microbiology, parasitology, serology, and cytology. A companion website features case studies, crossword puzzles, figures from the book in PowerPoint, and additional figures not found in the book.
In Veterinary Technician's Handbook of Laboratory Procedures, readers can expect to find helpful information on:
* Laboratory equipment, covering microscopes, centrifuges, refractometers, and chemistry, hematology, and coagulation analyzers
* Blood analysis, covering proper blood collection and handling techniques, blood collection tubes, blood smear preparation and staining, and hematology procedures
* Urinalysis procedures including the physical, chemical and sediment examination
* Cytology sample collection and smear preparation, covering the feather, line, squash, modified squash, and starfish methods, plus microscopic evaluation of cytology slides
* Identification of parasites, covering internal and external, plus protozoans
A helpful guide when performing many common laboratory tests and an excellent companion to full textbooks, Veterinary Technician's Handbook of Laboratory Procedures is equally useful for veterinary technicians in training and in practice and has been carefully formatted and written to put the information veterinary technicians need at their fingertips.
Practical, quick reference to laboratory test procedures routinely used in the veterinary setting
The Second Edition of Veterinary Technician's Handbook of Laboratory Procedures provides a significant update and expansion to the First Edition, with larger and better-quality images, more images overall, and significant updates to information and equipment throughout.
New chapters cover topics such as microbiology and parasitology, and the Second Edition newly covers quality assurance in the introductory chapter as well.
Now encompassing topics in all areas of clinical pathology, the book covers procedures in hematology, clinical chemistry, urinalysis, microbiology, parasitology, serology, and cytology. A companion website features case studies, crossword puzzles, figures from the book in PowerPoint, and additional figures not found in the book.
In Veterinary Technician's Handbook of Laboratory Procedures, readers can expect to find helpful information on:
* Laboratory equipment, covering microscopes, centrifuges, refractometers, and chemistry, hematology, and coagulation analyzers
* Blood analysis, covering proper blood collection and handling techniques, blood collection tubes, blood smear preparation and staining, and hematology procedures
* Urinalysis procedures including the physical, chemical and sediment examination
* Cytology sample collection and smear preparation, covering the feather, line, squash, modified squash, and starfish methods, plus microscopic evaluation of cytology slides
* Identification of parasites, covering internal and external, plus protozoans
A helpful guide when performing many common laboratory tests and an excellent companion to full textbooks, Veterinary Technician's Handbook of Laboratory Procedures is equally useful for veterinary technicians in training and in practice and has been carefully formatted and written to put the information veterinary technicians need at their fingertips.
Über den Autor
The Authors
Brianne Bellwood, MSc, RVT, VTS (Clinical Pathology), CCRVN, has been a full-time instructor for the Animal Health Technology program at Lakeland College in Vermilion, Alberta, Canada, since 2008.
Melissa Andrasik-Catton, RVT, BS, was a full-time instructor at Maple Woods Community College Veterinary Technology Program in Kansas City, Missouri, USA for 10 years and 8 additional years as an adjunct.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
About the Authors xiv About the Contributors xvii Preface xviii Acknowledgments xxi Part 1 Patient Care Considerations 1 1 The Gold Standard, Standards of Care, and Spectrum of Care: An Evolving Approach to Diagnostic Medicine 3Ryane E. Englar 1.1 Defining the Gold Standard 3 1.2 Limitations of the Gold Standard 4 1.3 Returning to the Case of the Cat with Stranguria: a Different Perspective on Standards of Care 4 1.4 Limitations to Standards of Care 5 1.5 Spectrum of Care 6 References 7 2 Consultation Room Communication Strategies that Facilitate Dialogue on the Diagnostic Approach to Patient Care 9Ryane E. Englar 2.1 Emergence of Communication as a Clinically Relevant Skill in Human Health Care 9 2.2 The Evolution of Communication in Veterinary Health Care 10 2.3 Communication Skills That Are Essential to Diagnosis-Making 11 2.4 Concepts of Health Literacy and Compliance 13 2.5 Using Easy-to-Understand (Nonmedical) Language 14 2.6 Checking in 15 2.7 Assessing the Client's Knowledge 17 2.8 Signposting 18 2.9 Addressing the Cost of Care 20 References 22 Part 2 Quick Assessment Tests (QATS) Involving Blood 27 3 Packed Cell Volume 29Sharon M. Dial 3.1 Procedural Definition: What Is this Test About? 29 3.2 Procedural Purpose: Why Should I Perform this Test? 29 3.3 Equipment 29 3.4 Procedural Steps: How Do I Perform this Test? 30 3.5 Time Estimate to Perform Test 33 3.6 Procedural Tips and Troubleshooting 33 3.7 Interpreting Test Results 34 3.8 Clinical Case Example(s): Can We Link to the Cases in Chapter 5? 35 3.9 Add-On Tests That You May Need to Consider and Their Additive Value 35 3.10 Key Takeaways 36 References 36 4 Total Protein as Measured by Refractometry 37Sharon M. Dial 4.1 Procedural Definition: What Is This Test About? 37 4.2 Procedural Purpose: Why Should I Perform this Test? 37 4.3 Equipment 38 4.4 Procedural Steps: How Do I Perform this Test? 38 4.5 Time Estimate to Perform Test 42 4.6 Procedural Tips and Troubleshooting 43 4.7 Interpreting Test Result 43 4.8 Clinical Case Example(s) 44 4.9 Add-On Tests That You May Need to Consider and Their Additive Values 44 4.10 Key Takeaways 44 Reference 45 Suggested References 45 5 Gross and Microscopic Evaluation of the Buffy Coat 46Sharon M. Dial 5.1 Procedural Definition: What Is This Test About? 46 5.2 Procedural Purpose: Why Should I Perform this Test? 46 5.3 Equipment 47 5.4 Procedural Steps: How Do I Perform this Test? 47 5.5 Time Estimate to Perform Test 50 5.6 Procedural Tips and Troubleshooting 53 5.7 Interpreting Test Results 53 5.8 Clinical Case Example(s) 54 5.9 Add-On Tests That You May Need to Consider and Their Additive Value 54 5.10 Key Takeaways 54 Reference 54 6 The Blood Film 55Sharon M. Dial 6.1 Procedural Definition: What Is This Test About? 55 6.2 Procedural Purpose: Why Should I Perform This Test? 55 6.3 Equipment 55 6.4 Procedural Steps: Preparing the Blood Film How Do I Perform This Test? 56 6.5 Time Estimate to Perform Test 64 6.6 Procedural Tips and Troubleshooting 64 6.7 Interpreting Test Results 69 6.8 Clinical Case Example(s) 70 6.9 Add-On Tests That You May Need to Consider and Their Additive Value 70 6.10 Key Takeaways 70 References 70 Suggested Bench-Side Reference 71 7 Blood Glucose 72Sharon M. Dial 7.1 Procedural Definition: What Is This Test About? 72 7.2 Procedural Purpose: Why Should I Perform This Test? 72 7.3 Equipment 73 7.4 Procedural Steps: How Do I Perform This Test? 73 7.5 A Note on Quality Control 73 7.6 Procedure for Patient Samples 74 7.7 Time Estimate to Perform Test 76 7.8 Procedural Tips and Troubleshooting 76 7.9 Interpreting Test Results 77 7.10 Clinical Case Example(s) 78 7.11 Add-On Tests That you May Need to Consider and Their Additive Values 78 7.12 Key Takeaways 78 References 78 8 Blood Urea Nitrogen 79Sharon M. Dial 8.1 Procedural Definition: What Is This Test About? 79 8.2 Procedural Purpose: Why Should I Perform This Test? 79 8.3 Equipment 80 8.4 Procedural Steps: How Do I Perform this Test? 80 8.5 Time Estimate to Perform Test 81 8.6 Procedural Tips and Troubleshooting 81 8.7 Interpreting Test Results 82 8.8 Clinical Case Example(s) 82 8.9 Add-On Tests That You May Need to Consider and Their Additive Value 82 8.10 Key Takeaways 83 9 Whole Blood Lactate 84Sharon M. Dial 9.1 Procedural Definition: What Is This Test About? 84 9.2 Procedural Purpose: Why Should I Perform This Test? 84 9.3 Equipment 85 9.4 Procedural Steps: How Do I Perform This Test? 85 9.5 A Note on Quality Control 85 9.6 Procedure for Patient Samples 85 9.7 Time Estimate to Perform Test 87 9.8 Procedural Tips and Troubleshooting 87 9.9 Interpreting Test Results 87 9.10 Clinical Case Example(s) 88 9.11 Add-On Tests That You May Need to Consider and Their Additive Value 88 9.12 Key Takeaways 88 References 88 10 Saline Agglutination Test 89Sharon M. Dial 10.1 Procedural Definition: What Is This Test About? 89 10.2 Procedural Purpose: Why Should I Perform This Test? 89 10.3 Equipment 89 10.4 Procedural Steps: How Do I Perform This Test? 89 10.5 Time Estimate to Perform Test 91 10.6 Procedural Tips and Troubleshooting 91 10.7 Interpreting Test Results 92 10.8 Clinical Case Example(s) 92 10.9 Add-On Tests That You May Need to Consider and Their Additive Value 92 10.10 Key Takeaways 92 Reference 93 11 Activated Clotting Time 94Sharon M. Dial 11.1 Procedural Definition: ("What Is This Test About?") 94 11.2 Procedural Purpose: Why Should I Perform This Test? 94 11.3 Equipment 94 11.4 Procedural Steps: How Do I Perform This Test? 94 11.5 Time Estimate To Perform Test 96 11.6 Procedural Tips and Troubleshooting 97 11.7 Interpreting Test Results 97 11.8 Clinical Case Example(s) 97 11.9 Add-On Tests That You May Need to Consider and Their Additive Value 97 11.10 Key Takeaways 97 Part 3 Quick Assessment Tests (QATS) Involving Urine 99 12 Assessing Urine's Physical Properties 101Ryane E. Englar 12.1 Procedural Definition: What Is This Test About? 101 12.2 Procedural Purpose: Why Should I Perform This Test? 101 12.3 Equipment 102 12.4 Procedural Steps 103 12.5 Time Estimate to Perform Test 105 12.6 Procedural Tips and Troubleshooting 105 12.7 Interpreting Test Results 106 12.8 Clinical Case Example(s) 111 12.9 Add-On Tests That You May Need to Consider and Their Additive Value 113 12.10 Key Takeaways 113 12.11 Clinical Pearls 114 References 115 13 Urine Specific Gravity 116Ryane E. Englar 13.1 Procedural Definition: What Is This Test About? 116 13.2 Procedural Purpose: Why Should I Perform this Test? 117 13.3 Equipment 117 13.4 Procedural Steps 118 13.5 Time Estimate to Perform Test 124 13.6 Procedural Tips and Troubleshooting 124 13.7 Interpreting Test Results 124 13.8 Clinical Case Example(s) 126 13.9 Add-On Tests That You May Need to Consider and Their Additive Value 127 13.10 Key Takeaways 127 13.11 Clinical Pearls 127 References 128 14 Chemical Evaluation of Urine 130Ryane E. Englar 14.1 Procedural Definition: What Is This Test About? 130 14.2 Procedural Purpose: Why Should I Perform This Test? 132 14.3 Equipment 132 14.4 Procedural Steps 132 14.5 Time Estimate to Perform Test 136 14.6 Procedural Tips and Troubleshooting 136 14.7 Interpreting Test Results 138 14.8 Clinical Case Example(s) 141 14.9 Add-On Tests That You May Need to Consider and Their Additive Value 142 14.10 Key Takeaways 143 14.11 Clinical Pearls 144 References 145 15 Urine Sediment Examination 146Sharon M. Dial 15.1 Procedural Definition: What Is This Test About? 146 15.2 Procedural Purpose: Why Should I Perform This Test? 146 15.3 Equipment 147 15.4 Procedural Steps: How Do I Perform This Test? 147 15.5 Time Estimate to Perform Test 149 15.6 Procedural Tips and Troubleshooting 151 15.7 Interpreting Test Results 152 15.8 Clinical Case Example(s) 157 15.9 Add-On Tests That You May Need to Consider and Their Additive Value 157 15.10 Key Takeaways 157 Reference 157 Suggested Bench-Side References 158 Part 4 Quick Assessment Tests (QATS) Involving Feces 159 16 Assessing the Physical Properties of Fecal Matter 161Ryane E. Englar 16.1 Procedural Definition: What Is This Test About? 161 16.2 Procedural Purpose: Why Should I Perform This Test? 161 16.3 Equipment 164 16.4 Procedural Steps 166 16.5 Time Estimate to Perform Test 166 16.6 Procedural Tips and Troubleshooting 166 16.7 Interpreting Test Results 172 16.8 Clinical Case Example(s) 183 16.9 Add-On Tests That You May Need to Consider and Their Additive Value 183 16.10 Key Takeaways 185 16.11 Clinical Pearls 186 References 187 17 Direct Smears 191Ryane E. Englar 17.1 Procedural Definition: What Is This Test About? 191 17.2 Procedural Purpose: Why Should I Perform This Test? 191 17.3 Equipment 194 17.4 Procedural Steps [1-5, 20, 30, 60-62] 194 17.5 Time Estimate to Perform Test 196 17.6 Procedural Tips and Troubleshooting 196 17.7 Interpreting Test Results 197 17.8 Clinical Case Example(s) 198 17.9 Add-On Tests That You May Need to Consider and Their Additive Value 201 17.10 Key Takeaways 203 17.11 Clinical Pearls 204 References 204 18 Fecal Flotation 207Ryane E. Englar and Jeremy Bessett 18.1 Procedural Definition: What is This Test About? 207 18.2 Procedural Purpose: Why Should I Perform This Test? 210 18.3 Options Available for Fecal Flotation 211 18.4 Equipment 213 18.6 Time Estimate to Perform Fecal Flotation with Fixed-Angle Centrifuge 216 18.7 Brief Consideration of the Procedural Steps in the Event a Swinging Bucket Centrifuge Is Used 217 18.8 Equipment 217 18.9 Procedural Steps 217 18.10 Time Estimate to Perform Passive Fecal Flotation 221 18.11 Procedural Tips and Troubleshooting for Fecal Flotation 221 18.12 Interpreting Test Results 221 18.13 Clinical Case Example(s) 227 18.14 Add-On Tests That You May Need to Consider and Their Additive Value 227 18.15 Key Takeaways 229 18.16 Clinical Pearls 229 References 230 Part 5 Quick Assessment of Body Cavity Fluids 235 19 Body Cavity Fluid Analysis 237Sharon M. Dial 19.1 Procedural Definition: What Is This Test About? 237 19.2 Procedural Purpose: Why Should I Perform This...