Foreword; Preface to the first edition; Preface to the second edition; Preface to the third and fourth editions; Part I. Introductory Survey: 1. The vegetation of Central Europe in general; 2. The development of the plant cover under the influence of man; Part II. Near-natural woods and thickets: 1. General view of the central European woodlands; 2. Beech and mixed beech woods; 3. Other deciduous woodland excluding flood plains and mires; 4. Coniferous woodland and mixed woods dominated by conifers; 5. Tree and shrub vegetation of flood plains and peat lands; Part III. Other Near-Natural Formations: 1. The vegetation of fresh water, its banks and springs; 2. Woodland fens and intermediate mires compared with other mire types; 3. Raised bogs and the communities connected with them; 4. Sea marshes and inland saline habitats; 5. Dunes and their vegetation successions; 6. The vegetation above the alpine tree line; 7. Plant life in the region of eternal snow; 8. On the epiphytic vegetation in central Europe; Part IV. Formations Created and Maintained Largely by Man's Activities: 1. Arid and semi-arid grasslands in colline and monotane climate; 2. Dwarf-shrub heaths and commons on strongly acid soils; 3. Forestry plantations and woodland clearings; 4. Woodland edges, bushes, hedges and their barbarous margins; 5. Hay and litter meadows; 6. Manured pastures, trodden swards and those subject to flooding; 7. Man-influenced vegetation of muddy ground, lakesides and banks; 8. Ruderal communities of drier sites; 9. Weed communities of arable land, gardens and vineyards; 10. Vegetation development on abandoned land; Tabular summary and index: Bibliography; Remarks on the changes in the system of plant sociology; Summary of the vegetation units and species; Subject Index.