Bill Reed is an architect and internationally recognized proponent and practitioner of integrative design. He is a principal in three firms: the Integrative Design Collaborative, Regenesis, Inc., and Delving Deeper-organizations working to lift development into full integration with living systems. He served as co-chair of the LEED Technical Committee from its inception in 1994 through 2003, is a member of the LEED Advanced faculty, and one of the first of twelve USGBC trainers of the LEED Rating System.

Acknowledgments ix

Foreword xi

Introduction xiii

Chapter 1: Many Minds 1

From Master Builder to the Twenty-first Century: Where We Are and How We Got Here 1

The Master Builder 1

The Siena Duomo 5

The Age of Specialization 8

Stop and Reflect: Our Current Process 9

Siloed Optimization 9

The Abyss between Design and Construction Professionals 10

Doing Less Damage by Adding Technologies 11

The Call Before Us 13

Chapter 2: Building as an Organism 15

A Shift in Thinking: No Part or System in Isolation 15

Buildings as Organisms 23

Tunneling through the Cost Barrier 24

Lessons Learned from High-Performance Windows 25

Project Teams as Organisms 29

Fostering an Interdisciplinary Process: "A Deer in the Headlights" 31

A Team of Colearners and the Learning Wheel 34

The Composite Master Builder 39

Chapter 3: Reframing Sustainability 41

What Is Sustainability? 41

The Trajectory of Sustainability Practice 44

The Technical Story of the Willow School 47

A More Compelling and Vital Story of Place 47

Re-Membering Our Role in Nature 48

Reciprocal Relationships within the Larger System 51

The Role of the Mental Model: From Products to a New Mind-set 52

Nested Subsystems 54

Solving for Pattern 58

Chapter 4: Aligning Values, Purpose, and Process 61

Introduction to the Discovery Phase X 61

The Four Es 62

Questioning Assumptions 63

Creating Alignment 64

Aligning the Team 64

Aligning with the Client 66

Fostering an Iterative Process 68

Integrating Intentions with Purpose 68

The Four Key Subsystems 70

Aligning Dollars and Resources 80

The "Touchstones" Exercise 82

Aligning with Values 87

Redefining Success 98

Chapter 5: The Discovery Phase 99

This Is Not a Cookbook 99

Here's Where We Are 101

Stop and Reflect 101

What's Working? 102

What's Not Working? 102

How Can We Do (and Think about) This Differently? 103

Integrative Process Overview 103

Three-part Structure 107

Part A: Discovery 108

Part B: Design and Construction 108

Part C: Occupancy, Operations, and Performance Feedback 108

Part A: Discovery 109

Stage A.1-Research and Analysis: Preparation 110

Stage A.2-Workshop No. 1: Alignment of Purpose and Goal-Setting 127

Stage A.3-Research and Analysis: Evaluating Possible Strategies 145

Stage A.4-Workshop No. 2: Conceptual Design Exploration 157

Stage A.5-Research and Analysis: Testing Conceptual Design Ideas 168

Chapter 6: Schematic Design 197

Entering Part B-Design and Construction 197

Here's Where We Are 202

Stop and Reflect 203

What's Working? 203

What's Not Working? 203

How Can We Do (and Think about) This Differently? 205
Questioning Assumptions 205
Engaging an Interdisciplinary Process 206
Creating Alignment 209
Mental Model Shift 214
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Tools and Environmental Benefits 214
Energy-Modeling Tools and Costs Benefits 218
Revisiting Nested Subsystems 219

Part B: Design and Construction 220

Stage B.1-Workshop No. 3: Schematic Design Kickoff-Bringing It All Together (without committing to building form) 221

Stage B.2-Research and Analysis: Schematic Design-Bringing It All Together (and now committing to building form) 237

Chapter 7: Design Development and Documentation 259

Here's Where We Are 260

Stop and Reflect 262

What's Working? 262

What's Not Working? 258

How Can We Do (and Think about) This Differently? 263

Stage B.3-Workshop No. 4: Design Development Kickoff-It Is Brought Together; Does It Work? 267

Stage B.4-Research and Analysis: Design Development-Optimization 278

Stage B.5-Workshop No. 5: Construction Documents Kickoff-Perfomance Verification and Quality Control 299

Stage B.6-Construction Documents-No More Designing 304

Chapter 8: Construction, Operations, and Feedback 309

The Evolving Commissioning Process 310

Learning From Feedback 312

Here's Where We Are 314

Stop and Reflect 315

What's Working? 315

What's Not Working? 316

How Can We Do (and Think about) This Differently? 322

Stage B.7-Bidding and Construction-Aligning with the Builder: Becoming a Team 330

Part C-Occupancy, Operations, and Performance Feedback 346

Stage C.1-Occupancy: Feedback from All Systems 347
The Call for Performance Feedback 347

Epilogue-Evolving the Field 375

A Transformational Process 376

Shifting the Paradigm 377

The Fifth System 385

Index 387