Magdi Guirguis is a professor at Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt, and scientific collaborator at the Institut français d'archéologie orientale (IFAO). He is the author of: An Armenian Artist in Ottoman Egypt: Yuhanna al-Armani and His Coptic Icons (AUC Press, 2008).

Nelly van Doorn-Harder is professor of religious studies at Wake Forest University, North Carolina. She is the author of Contemporary Coptic Nuns (1995), editor of Copts in Context: Negotiating Tradition, Transition and Modernity (2017), and co-editor of Between Desert and City: The Coptic Orthodox Church Today (1997, 2012), and Copts in Modernity (2021).

Acknowledgments
Editors' Preface
Technical Notes

Part One The Coptic Papacy under Ottoman Rule (1517-1798)
Magdi Guirguis

Introduction
1. Exercising Authority: Patriarchs and Public Policy (Pope John XIII to Pope Matthew III, 1484-1646)
2. Contesting Authority: Patriarchs and Coptic Notables (Pope Mark VI to Pope Mark VIII, 1646-1798)

Part Two The Modern Coptic Papacy (1798-2011)
Nelly van Doorn-Harder

Introduction
3. Preparing for Reformation (Pope Mark VIII, 1797-1809; Pope Peter VII, 1809-52)
4. Educating Egypt (Pope Cyril (Kyrillos) IV, 1854-61; Pope Demetrius II, 1862-70)
5. Redefining Authority (Pope Cyril (Kyrillos) V, 1874-1927)
6. Leading in the Midst of Political Change (Pope John XIX, 1928-42; Pope Macarius III, 1944-45; Pope Yusab II, 1946-56)
7. Reviving Tradition, Reviving the Church (Pope Cyril (Kyrillos) VI, 1959-71)
8. Negotiating Political Landscapes (Pope Shenouda III, 1971-)
9. Reforming the Church for the Twenty-first Century (Pope Shenouda III, 1971-)

Works Cited: Primary Sources
Works Cited: Secondary Sources
Notes
Index