Introduction; Part I. Intimations of Change, 1100-1200: 1. Clerical purity and the re-ordered world Henrietta Leyser; 2. The Bishops of Rome, 1100-1300 Anthony Perron; 3. Religious poverty and the search for perfection Beverly Mayne Kienzle; 4. Monastic and religious orders, c.1100-c.1350 Brian Patrick McGuire; Part II. Forging a Christian World, 1200-1300: 5. The theological framework, 1200-1300 Lesley Smith; 6. The legal underpinnings, c.1050-c.1300 Anders Winroth; 7. The material support, 1200-1300 Brigitte Resl; 8. Material support 1200-1300: the monastic and religious orders Janet Burton; 9. The Word and its diffusion Katherine Jansen; Part III. The Erection of Essential Boundaries: 10. The erection of essential boundaries: Christians and Jews Ora Limor; 11. Christendom and Islam David Nirenberg; 12. Christians and heretics Peter Biller; 13. Women and men Megan McLaughlin; 14. Heaven, hell, and purgatory: 1100-1500 Alan E. Bernstein; Part IV. Shapes of a Christian World: 15. Sacramental life Miri Rubin; 16. Religious soundscapes: liturgy and music Susan Boynton; 17. Images in the world: reading the crucifixion Sara Lipton; 18. Mary Rachel Fulton; 19. Mysticism and transcendence Amy Hollywood; Part V. Transience: 20. On the margins of religious life: hermits and recluses, penitents and tertiaries, beguines and beghards Walter Simons; 21. Saints and pilgrimages: new and old (1100-1500) André Vauchez; 22. Crusade and conquest Marcus Bull; Part VI. The Challenges to a Christian Society: 23. Repression and power John Arnold; 24. Faith and the intellectuals (I) Joseph Ziegler; 25. Faith and the intellectuals (II) Michael Stolz; Part VII. Reform and Renewal: 26. Empowerment through reading, writing and example: the Devotio Modern Koen Goudriaan; 27. The invasion of demons in the Christian community Alain Boureau; 28. Wycliffism and Lollardy Kantik Ghosh; 29. Observant reform in the late medieval religious orders Bert Roest; 30. Public purity and discipline: states and religious renewal Roberto Rusconi; 31. The Bible in the fifteenth century Christopher Ocker.