Daniel M. Sciubba, MD, Professor of Neurosurgery, Orthopedic Surgery, Oncology and Radiation Oncology, Director, Spinal Deformity and Spine Tumor Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Department of Neurosurgery, Baltimore, MD, USA

Part I: Anterior Approaches.- Cranio-cervical approach: transnasal.- Cranio-cervical approach: transoral.- Cranio-cervical approach: transmandibular.- Cranio-cervical approach: transcervical.- Subaxial cervical approach.- Cervico-thoracic approach: manubriotomy, sternotomy.- Anterior thoracic approach: thoracotomy.- Anterior thoracic approach: minimally invasive thoracoscopy, retropleural.- Anterior thoraco-lumbar: thoraco-abdominal.- Anterior lumbar and lumbo-sacral approach: retroperitoneal.- Anterior lumbar and lumbo-sacral approach: transperitoneal.- Part II: Posterior Approaches.- Occipito-cervical approach and stabilization.- Posterior cervical approach and stabilization.- Anterior/anterolateral thoracic access and stabilization from posterior approach: transpedicular, costotransversectomy, lateral extracavitary.- Anterior/anterolateral thoracic access and stabilization from posterior approach: costotransversectomy, lateral extracavitary approaches, en bloc resection.- Anterior/anterolateral thoracic access and stabilization from posterior approach: transpedicular, costotransversectomy, lateral extracavitary.- Posterior decompression and fusion (thoracic and lumbar): Separation surgery plus radiation.- Minimally invasive stabilization alone (thoracic and lumbar): Cement augmentation.- Minimally invasive stabilization alone (thoracic and lumbar): percutaneous pedicle screw stabilization.- Posterior lumbar and sacral approach and stabilization: intralesional lumbar resection.- Posterior lumbar and sacral approach and stabilization: lumbar en bloc resection.- Sacral and pelvic approach and stabilization: intralesional sacrectomy.- Sacral and pelvic approach and stabilization: en bloc sacrectomy.- Part III: Intradural Approaches.- Intradural extramedullary tumor: cervical.- Intradural extramedullary tumor: thoracic.- Intradural extramedullary tumor: lumbar.- Intradural intramedullary tumor.- Minimally invasive intradural tumor.