Introduction 1. Linking spatial cognition and spatial perception F. L. Dolins and R. W. Mitchell; Part I. What Do Animals Know and How Do They Represent External Space?: 2. Psychology and the philosophy of spatial perception: a history, or how the idea of spatial cognition in animals developed R. W. Mitchell and F. L. Dolins; 3. Common principles shared by spatial and other kinds of cognition K. Cheng; 4. To be buried in thought, lost in space or lost in action: is that the question? E. Menzel; Part II. Perception and Memory of Landmarks: Implications for Spatial Behaviour and Cognition: 5. The encoding of geometry in various vertebrate species C. Thinus-Blanc, V. Chabanne, L. Tommasi, P. Peruch and J. Vauclair; 6. The visually guided routes of ants T. Collett and P. Graham; 7. The role of landmarks in small and large scale navigation S. D. Healy and V. A. Braithwaite; 8. Examining spatial cognitive strategies in small-scale and large-scale space in tamarin monkeys P. A. Garber and F. L. Dolins; 9. Spatial learning and foraging in macaques C. Menzel; Part III. Evolutionary Perspectives of Cognitive Capacities in Spatial Perception and Object Recognition: 10. The evolution of human spatial cognition T. Wynn; 11. Egocentric and allocentric spatial learning in the nonhuman primate L. Rehbein, S. Schettler, R. Killiany and M. Moss; 12. Does the nature of cetacean perception make understanding object permanence unnecessary? R. W. Mitchell and E. Hoban; 13. Multimodal sensory integration and concurrent navigation strategies for spatial cognition in real and artificial organisms A. Arleo and L. Ronde-Reig; Part IV. Does Mapping of the Body Generate Understanding of External Space?: 14. Movement: the generative source of spatial perception and cognition M. Sheets-Johnstone; 15. Understanding the body: spatial perception and spatial cognition R. W. Mitchell; 16. The evolution of parietal areas involved in hand use in primates L. Krubitzer and E. Disbrow; 17. Body mapping and spatial transformations S. H. Creem-Regehr; 18. Understanding of external space generated by bodily re-mapping: an insight from the neurophysiology of tool-using monkeys A. Iriki; 19. Left-right spatial discrimination and the evolution of hemispheric specialization: some new thoughts on some old ideas W. D. Hopkins and C. Cantalupo; Part V. Comparisons of Human and Non-Human Primate Spatial Cognitive Abilities: 20. The geographical imagination R. Sambrook and D. Zurick; 21. Of chimps and children: use of spatial symbols by two species J. DeLoache and M. Bloom; 22. Chimpanzee spatial skills: a model for human performance on scale model tasks? S. Till Boysen and K. A. Bard; 23. The development of place learning in comparative perspective A. Learmonth and N. Newcombe; 24. Spatial cognition and memory in symbol-competent chimpanzees C. Menzel.