The editors

Matt Read, DVM, MVSc, DACVAA, is a board-certified veterinary anesthesiologist with MedVet in Columbus, Ohio, USA.

Luis Campoy, LV, CertVA, DipECVAA, MRCVS, is a board-certified veterinary anesthesiologist and Clinical Professor of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine with the Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine in Ithaca, New York, USA.

Berit Fischer, DVM, DACVAA, CCRP, CVA, is a board-certified veterinary anesthesiologist with Eastern Pennsylvania Veterinary Medical Center in Allentown, Pennsylvania, USA.

List of Contributors vii

Foreword ix

Preface xi

Acknowledgments xiii

Part 1 Considerations for Locoregional Anesthesia

1 Ultrasound Guidance: The Inevitable Evolution of Locoregional Anesthesia 3
Berit L. Fischer

2 Use of Ultrasound for Locoregional Anesthesia 9
Matt Read, Micheál Ó Cathasaigh, and Luis Campoy

3 How to Document the Use of Locoregional Anesthesia in the Medical Record 31
Eric D. Brumberger and Luis Campoy

4 Local Anesthetic Pharmacology 35
Manuel Martin- Flores and Augusto Matias Lorenzutti

5 The Eye 47
Yael Shilo- Benjamini and Peter Pascoe

6 Ultrasound- Guided Blocks for the Ear 79
Luis Campoy and Jaime Viscasillas

7 Ultrasound- Guided Brachial Plexus Block (Subscalene Approach) 85
Pablo E. Otero

8 Ultrasound- Guided Brachial Plexus Block (Axillary Approach) 93
Luis Campoy

9 Ultrasound- Guided Proximal RUMM Block (Axillary Sheath) 99
Matt Read

10 Ultrasound- Guided (Distal) RUMM Block 107
Matt Read and Luis Campoy

11 The Thoracic Spinal Nerves: Overview and Functional Anatomy 113
Diego A. Portela and Marta Romano

Part 2 Locoregional Anesthetic Blocks for Small Animal Patients

12 Introduction to Fascial Plane Blocks 117
Berit L. Fischer

13 Ultrasound- Guided Thoracic Paravertebral Block 127
Diego A. Portela

14 Ultrasound- Guided Intercostal Nerve Block 137
Alexander C. S. Thomson

15 Ultrasound- Guided Serratus Plane Block 145
Matt Read

16 Ultrasound- Guided Parasternal Blocks 153
Matt Read

17 Ultrasound- Guided Erector Spinae Plane Block 161
Tatiana H. Ferreira

18 Ultrasound- Guided Quadratus Lumborum Block 177
Marta Garbin

19 Ultrasound- Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) Block 189
Marta Romano

20 Ultrasound- Guided Rectus Sheath Block 203
Tatiana H. Ferreira

21 Ultrasound- Guided Femoral Nerve Block (Psoas Compartment Block) 213
Stephan Mahler

22 Ultrasound- Guided Femoral Nerve Block (Inguinal Approach) 223
Luis Campoy

23 Ultrasound- Guided Saphenous Nerve Block 229
Luis Campoy

24 Ultrasound- Guided Parasacral Lumbosacral Trunk Block 237
Diego A. Portela

25 Ultrasound- Guided Sciatic Nerve Block (Caudal Approach) 243
Luis Campoy

26 Ultrasound- Guided Pudendal Nerve Block in Male Cats 249
Chiara Adami

27 Ultrasound- Assisted Epidural Anesthesia 255
Matt Read, Berit L. Fischer, and Luis Campoy

28 Complications Associated with Locoregional Anesthesia 267
Berit L. Fischer and Manuel Martin- Flores

Index 287