David Thomas is based at the University of Helsinki where he is the Professor of Arctic Ecosystem Research in the Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences. Previously (1996 to 2020) he was at Bangor University, U.K., where from 2006 he held the Chair of Marine Biology in the School of Ocean Sciences. From 2009 to 2013 he also held an Academy of Finland Distinguished Professorship at the Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE).

Contributors vii Preface xiii 1 Sea ice thickness distribution 1Robert Ricker, Luisa von Albedyll and Christian Haas 2 Snow on sea ice and how it varies through the seasons 41Stefanie Arndt, Melinda Webster, Matthew Sturm and Robert A. Massom 3 Sunlight and sea ice - optical properties 113Don Perovich, Bonnie Light and Marcel Nicolaus 4 Sea ice from an engineer's perspective 157Arttu Polojärvi, Jukka Tuhkuri and Hayo Hendrikse 5 Methods of satellite remote sensing of sea ice 177Gunnar Spreen, Polona Itkin and Stefan Kern 6 The rise and fall of Antarctic sea ice: Large-scale variability 215Ted Maksym and Sharon Stammerjohn 7 The fitful decline of Arctic sea ice 261Walter N. Meier and Angela C. Bliss 8 Sea ice and Arctic Ocean oceanography 283Camille Lique, Yueng-Djern Lenn, Benjamin Rabe and Finlo Cottier 9 Oceanography and sea ice in the Southern Ocean 309F. Alexander Haumann and Michael P. Meredith 10 Sea ice in Earth System Models 347Zachary Espinosa, Lettie Roach, Cecilia M. Bitz and Dirk Notz 11 Phyloecology of sea ice bacteria and archaea 379Josephine Z. Rapp, Eeva Eronen-Rasimus, Jody W. Deming and R. Eric Collins 12 Primary production associated with sea ice 433Stephanie M. Lim, Karley Campbell and Kevin R. Arrigo Copyrighted Material 13 Sea ice food webs in transition 475Erin H. Kunisch, Malin Daase and Kerrie M. Swadling 14 Marine mammals and sea ice in the Arctic and Antarctic 515Mia Wege, Kristin L. Laidre, Els Vermeulen and Elisa Seyboth 15 Sea ice: A seabird world of its own 549David Ainley, Nina Karnovsky and George Divoky 16 Nutrients and organic matter dynamics in sea ice 575Klaus M. Meiners, Delphine Lannuzel, Eva Leu and Kristina A. Brown 17 Gas dynamics in sea ice 623Odile Crabeck, Bruno Delille, Sebastien Moreau and François Fripiat 18 Sea ice, aerosols and clouds 671Jean-Christophe Raut, Jennie L. Thomas, Louis Marelle and Rémy Lapere 19 Cycling of contaminants across the ocean-sea ice-snow-atmosphere interface 721Zhiyuan Gao, Katarzyna Polcwiartek, Kedong Zhang and Feiyue Wang 20 Numerical models of sea ice biogeochemistry 765Giulia Castellani, Letizia Tedesco, Nadja Steiner and Martin Vancoppenolle 21 Paleo sea ice reconstruction in the Southern Ocean: Ancient warm periods 805Amy Leventer and Jennifer Pike 22 Sea ice in Arctic marginal seas 835Hermanni Kaartokallio, C.J. Mundy, Daiki Nomura, Takenobu Toyota, Alex Crawford and Jouni Vainio 23 It's all about the happy people: A tale of joy and life around the sea ice 873Kimberly Kivvaq Pikok, Henry P. Huntington, Craig George, Alex Kaleak Sr., Diedre Kaleak, Joe Mello Leavitt, Donna D.W. Hauser and Courtney Carothers 24 Geopolitics of sea ice 895Klaus Dodds, Pauline Pic, Liling Xu and Yelena Yermakova Index 919