Jonathan Dowling earned a Ph.D. in Mathematical Physics from the

University of Colorado. He has worked at the United States Army

Aviation and Missile Command, the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory,

and then at the Louisiana State University. Dr. Dowling is one of the

founders of the U.S. Government program in quantum computing and

quantum cryptography.

Contents

Preface, xiii

Foreword, xv

Author, xxi

CHAPTER 1 ¿ Many Hands Make Light Work 1

THE DARKENED ROOM 2

NEWTON'S BULLETS 5

WAVES OF HUYGENS' - PTOOEY! 11

OUT - DAMNED SPOT! 12

THE JOURNEY STONE 20

FRANKLIN, FROGS, AND FRANKENSTEIN 22

ØRSTED UNLODES 23

ELECTRIC BOY REWINDS 26

ALL'S WELL THAT'S MAXWELL 31

FIAT LUX! 34

WATT IS LOVE? DON'T HERTZ ME, NO MORSE! 38

MARCONI AND CHUTZPAH 39

MAXWELL'S RAINBOW 40

CHAPTER 2 ¿ What Light Through Yonder Window -

Breaks? 43

THE END OF PHYSICS? 44

PLANCKING FOR BEGINNERS 51

ONE PHOTON, INDIVISIBLE, WITH QUANTA OF

ENERGY, IN BALLS 56

IT'S A WAVE! IT'S A PARTICLE! IT'S - WHAT THE HECK

IS IT!? 60

QUANTUM NONDEMOLITION DERBY 68

VAIDMAN - DUDE'S THE BOMB! 73

THE UNDETECTABLE QUANTUM TRIPWIRE 76

EXTRAORDINARY POPULAR DELUSIONS AND THE

MADNESS OF CLOUDS 79

TO COMPUTE OR NOT TO COMPUTE - WHAT IS

THE QUESTION? 82

EINSTEIN'S BUBBLE - TOIL AND TROUBLE 83

PARTICULARS OF POLARIZED PHOTONS 87

CHAPTER 3 ¿ It Takes Two to Tangle 91

SCHRÖDINGER'S CURSE 92

EINSTEIN'S BANE 94

VON NEUMANN'S BLUNDER 99

BOHM'S BOMBSHELL 101

BELL GETS TESTY 103

BERTLMANN'S SOCKS 108

CLAUSER'S NO-BELL PRIZE 108

CLOSING THE LOOPHOLES 112

TWO'S COMPANY - BUT THREE'S A CLOUD 115

SPEAKING THE UNSPEAKABLE 118

CHAPTER 4 ¿ Quantum Networks: The Building Blocks 121

SINGLE-PHOTON GUNS 122

QUANTUM-DOT SINGLE-PHOTON GUNS 122

SORT-OF-SINGLE-PHOTON GUNS AND MAGIC CHINESE

CRYSTALS 125

PSEUDO-SINGLE-PHOTON GUNS 129

ENTANGLED-PHOTON GUNS 132

QUANTUM-DOT ENTANGLED-PHOTON GUNS 132

ENTANGLED SORT-OF-PHOTON GUNS AND MAGIC

CHINESE CRYSTALS 134

I SPY, WITH MY LITTLE EYE 138

E. T. PHONE HOME 141

POLARIZE! LET NO PHOTON EVADE YOUR EYES! 146

RARE AS A TWO-DOLLAR BELL 149

CHAPTER 5 ¿ The Second Quantum Revolution 151

WHAT IS QUANTUM TECHNOLOGY? 152

QUANTUM RANDOM-NUMBER GENERATORS 154

CRYPTOGRAPHY 158

CLASSICAL CRYPTOGRAPHY - RSA PUBLIC-KEY

ENCRYPTION 159

CLASSICAL CRYPTOGRAPHY - ONE-TIME-PAD

PRIVATE-KEY ENCRYPTION 162

QUANTUM MONEY - WIESNER'S UNPUBLISHABLE

PAPER 172

QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY - THE BENNETT AND

BRASSARD 1984 PROTOCOL 175

QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY - THE EKERT 1991

PROTOCOL 182

POST-QUANTUM-CRYPTOGRAPHY - OFF-RAMP

ON THE QUANTUM INTERNET 185

QUANTUM TELEPORTATION 187

ENTANGLEMENT SWAPPING 194

QUANTUM MEMORIES 196

CLASSICAL REPEATERS 198

QUANTUM REPEATERS 201

QUANTUM TRANSPONDERS 205

CHAPTER 6 ¿ Quantum Networks 207

THE QUANTUM INTERNET - WHY NOW? 208

WHAT'S UP WITH QUANTUM COMPUTERS

THESE DAYS? 210

QUANTUM SUPREMACY 213

DOUBLE-BUBBLE - TOIL AND TROUBLE! 215

A CHINESE QUANTUM-SPUTNIK MOMENT 219

NATIONAL QUANTUM INITIATIVE ACT 222

QUANTUM INTERNET 1.0 - ALL THAT IT'S CRACKED

UP TO BE? 228

QUANTUM INTERNET 2.0 - RAGE OF ENTANGLEMENT 230

QUANTUM INTERNET 3.0 - RISE OF THE UBIQUITOUS

QUANTUM REPEATERS 238

I HAVE A CODE IN MY NODE! 245

TELEPORTATION AND DISTRIBUTED QUANTUM

COMPUTING 247

CLASSICAL COMMUNICATION OVER THE QUANTUM

NETWORK 251

CHAPTER 7 ¿ Networks of Quantum Sensors 255

QUANTUM SENSORS 256

COHERENT SENSOR ARRAYS 261

CLOCKS IN SPACE 270

DISTRIBUTED QUANTUM SENSORS 273

EPILOGUE, 281

INDEX, 285