1. Exploring the minds of the great apes: Issues and controversies Anne E. Russon and Kim A. Bard; Part I. The Scope of Great Ape Intelligence: 2. Chimpanzees and capuchin monkeys: Comparative cognition James R. Anderson; 3. Acting and understanding: tool use revisited through the minds of capuchin monkeys Elisabetta Visalberghi and Luca Limongelli; 4. Consolation, reconciliation, and a possible cognitive difference between macaques and chimpanzees Frans B.M. de Waal and Filippo Aureli; 5. The misunderstood ape: Cognitive skills of the gorilla Richard W. Byrne; 6. Ostensive behavior in great apes: the role of eye contact Juan Carlos Gomez; 7. Imitation in everyday use: matching and rehearsal in the spontaneous imitation of rehabilitant orangutans Anne E. Russon; 8. 'More is less': the elicitation of rule-governed resource distribution in chimpanzees Sarah T. Boysen; 9. Tool-using behavior in wild Pan paniscus: Social and ecological considerations Ellen J. Ingmanson; 10. Comparison of chimpanzee material culture between Bossou and Nimba, West Africa Tetsuro Matsuzawa and Gen Yamakoshi; Part II. Organization of Great Ape Intelligence: Development, Culture and Evolution: 11. Influences on development in infant chimpanzees: Enculturation, temperament and cognition Kim A. Bard and Kathryn H. Gardner; 12. Heterochrony and the evolution of primate cognitive development Jonas Langer; 13. Simon says: The development of imitation in an enculturated orangutan H. Lyn Miles, Robert W. Mitchell and Stephen E. Harper; 14. Imitation, pretense, and mindreading: secondary representation in comparative primatology and developmental psychology? Andrew Whiten; 15. Self-awareness and self-knowledge in humans, apes and monkeys Daniel Hart and Mary Pat Karmel; 16. Apprenticeship in tool-mediated extractive foraging: the origins of imitation, teaching and self-awareness in great apes Sue Taylor Parker; 17. The effect of humans on the cognitive development of apes Josep Call and Michael Tomasello; 18. Three approaches for assessing chimpanzee culture Christophe Boesch; 19. On the wild side of culture and cognition in the great apes Sue Taylor Parker and Anne E. Russon; Index.