This book provides students with an introduction to Fortran 90, one of the most powerful and flexible programming languages for scientific computation available today. The author shows how using computers and Fortran 90 it is possible to tackle and solve a wide range of problems as they might be encountered in engineering or in the physical sciences. Following a brief introduction to computing in general, the author presents a thorough guide to problem-solving and algorithm design using pseudo-code to develop an understanding of the steps that need to be taken to solve a particular problem. Subsequent chapters introduce the main features of Fortran 90 motivated by particular ideas and tasks that are typically found in science and engineering

1. Computing Environments for Problem Solving.- 1.1 A Brief History of Electronic Computing.- 1.2 The Academic Computing Environment.- 1.3 What Do You Need to Know About Your Computing Environment?.- 1.4 Fortran and the Personal Computing Environment.- 1.5 Is Programming Necessary Anymore?.- 1.6 Exercises.- 2. Solving Problems with a High-Level Programming Language.- 2.1 Structured Programming and Problem Solving.- 2.2 Designing Algorithms for Procedural Programming Languages.- 2.3 Program Modularization.- 2.4 Applications.- 2.5 Debugging Your Algorithms.- 2.6 Exercises.- 3. Getting Started with Fortran: Writing Simple Programs.- 3.1 A Simple Problem and a Fortran Program to Solve It.- 3.2 Program Layout.- 3.3 Declaring Variables and Defining Constants.- 3.4 List-Directed Input and Output.- 3.5 Arithmetic Operators, Assignment Statements, and Calculations.- 3.6 Program Termination.- 3.7 Compiling and Executing a Program.- 3.8 Applications.- 3.9 Debugging Your Programs.- 3.10 Exercises.- 4. Using Functions to Expand the Power of Fortran.- 4.1 Fortran Intrinsic Functions.- 4.2 Fortran Statement Functions.- 4.3 Applications.- 4.4 Debugging Your Programs.- 4.5 Exercises.- 5. Gaining Control Over Program Output.- 5.1 The Formatted PRINT Statement.- 5.2 The WRITE Statement.- 5.3 Saving Program Output.- 5.4 Applications.- 5.5 Debugging Your Programs.- 5.6 Exercises.- 6. Program Control: Branching and Repetitive Calculations.- 6.1 Using Program Control Structures.- 6.2 Relational and Logical Operators and the Fortran IF... Construct.- 6.3 The SELECT CASE Construct.- 6.4 Fortran Loop Constructs.- 6.5 Using Implied DO... Loops in Output Statements.- 6.6 Applications.- 6.7 Debugging Your Programs.- 6.8 Exercises.- 7. Program Modularization.- 7.1 Designing Modularized Algorithmswith the CALL and SUBPROGRAM Pseudocode Commands.- 7.2 Fortran Subroutines.- 7.3 Fortran Functions.- 7.4 Using Subroutines and Functions.- 7.5 Applications.- 7.6 Debugging Your Programs.- 7.7 Exercises.- 8. Using Arrays to Organize Information.- 8.1 Arrays in Structured Programming.- 8.2 Basic Array Implementation.- 8.3 Using Statically Allocated Arrays in Subprograms.- 8.4 Allocatable Arrays.- 8.5 Treating Strings of Characters as Arrays of Characters.- 8.6 The TYPE Statement, Records, and Arrays of Records.- 8.7 Applications.- 8.8 Debugging Your Programs.- 8.9 Exercises.- 9. Using Formatted Sequential Access and Internal Files.- 9.1 The Text File Concept.- 9.2 OPEN, READ, and CLOSE Statements for Sequential File Access.- 9.3 Files and Arrays.- 9.4 More About Formatted READ Statements.- 9.5 Writing Text Files.- 9.6 Applications.- 9.7 Debugging Your Programs.- 9.8 Exercises.- 10. Some Essential Programming Algorithms.- 10.1 Introduction.- 10.2 Searching Algorithms.- 10.3 Sorting Algorithms.- 10.4 Recursive Algorithms.- 10.5 The Recursive Quicksort Algorithm.- 10.6 Applications.- 10.7 Debugging Your Programs.- 10.8 Exercises.- 11. Basic Statistics and Numerical Analysis with Fortran.- 11.1 Introduction.- 11.2 Basic Descriptive Statistics.- 11.3 Numerical Differentiation.- 11.4 Numerical Integration.- 11.5 Solving Systems of Linear Equations.- 11.6 Finding the Roots of Equations.- 11.7 Numerical Solutions to Differential Equations.- 11.8 Exercises.- 12. A Closer Look.- 12.1 Introduction.- 12.2 Using More Than One Program Unit.- 12.3 The Internal Representation of Numbers and Extended Precision.- 12.4 Array Operations and Array Inquiry and Reduction.- 12.5 Direct Access and Unformatted (Binary) Files.- 12.6 The COMPLEX Data Type.- 12.7 Data Sharing With COMMON Blocks.- Appendices.- Appendix 1. Table of ASCII Characters for IBM-Compatible PCs.- Appendix 2. Summary of Pseudocode Commands and Fortran Statement Syntax.- Appendix 2.1 Pseudocode Commands.- Appendix 2.2 Fortran Statement Syntax.- Appendix 3. Source Code File Name Summary.- Appendix 4. Accessing the System Time and Date.