Part I. The Foundation: Theory and Principles: 1. Virtues and goals in pediatrics G. Kevin Donovan and Edmund D. Pellegrino; 2. Contributions of ethical theory to pediatric ethics: parents as co-fiduciaries of pediatrics patients Laurence B. McCullough; 3. Using the best interests standards in treatment decisions for young children Loretta M. Kopelman; 4. Moral and legal status of children and parents Sadath A. Sayeed; 5. The ethics of pediatric research Jonathan D. Moreno and Alexandra Kravitt; 6. Truth telling in pediatrics: what they don't know might hurt them Christine Harrison; 7. Pediatric ethics committees Mark R. Mercurio; Part II. Genetics and the Newborn: 8. Newborn screening Lainie Friedman Ross; 9. Presymptomatic genetic testing in children Kimberly A. Quaid; 10. Extreme prematurity: truth and justice Geoffrey Miller; 11. Disorders of sex development Alice D. Dreger and David Sandberg; Part III. Therapies: 12. Rationality, personhood, and Peter Singer on the fate of severely impaired infants Eva Feder Kittay; 13. The ethics of controlling reproduction in a population with mental disabilities Paul A. Lombardo; 14. Pediatric innovative surgery Angelique M. Reitsma; 15. Conjoined twins Alice D. Dreger and Geoffrey Miller; 16. Ethics and immunization Joel E. Frader and Erin Flanagan-Klygis; 17. Psychotropic drug use in children: the case of stimulants Ilina Singh; Part IV. End of Life: 18. Brain death, minimal consciousness, and vegetative states in children Geoffrey Miller and Stephen Ashwal; 19. The foregoing of life sustaining treatment for children Sadath A. Sayeed and Geoffrey Miller.