Preface
EXTRACTION OF NATURAL PRODUCTS FROM PLANTS - AN INTRODUCTION
Introduction
Cultivation
Extraction
Extraction Techniques
Purification
SOLUBILITY OF COMPLEX NATURAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL SUBSTANCES
Introduction
Solubility Calculations
Thermodynamic Modeling
Examples
Summary
ALTERNATIVE SOLVENTS IN PLANT EXTRACTION
Introduction
Ionic Liquids in the Extraction of Natural Compounds from Plant and Fungi
Surfactants and Aqueous Two-Phase Systems in Plant Extraction
Summary
HIGH PRESSURE PROCESSING
Introduction
Supercritical Fluids
Physical Properties - Mass Transfer Characteristics
Process Units
Process Design and Operation
Applications
PROCESS ENGINEERING AND MINI-PLANT TECHNOLOGY
Introduction
Chromatographic Screening
Preparative Task
Liquid-Liquid Extraction
Mini-Plant Technology for Extraction Process Development
Cost Estimation
Total Process Development
Future Developments
EXTRACTION TECHNOLOGY
Introduction
Extraction Process Basics
Experimental Procedures
Theoretical Modeling and Scale-Up
Industrial Extraction Equipment
EXTRACTION OF LIGNOCELLULOSE AND ALGAE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BULK AND FINE CHEMICALS
Introduction
Products from Lignocellulose
Polysaccharides and Sporopollenin from Marine Algae
NATURAL PRODUCTS - MARKET DEVELOPMENT AND POTENTIALS
Introduction
Natural Products Market Overview
Natural Products in Food and Functional Food
Natural Products for Pharmaceutical Applications
Summary
REGULATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS
Introduction
Definition of Plant Extracts as Medicines or Foods - A Borderline Issue
Application of Plant Extracts in Flavorings, Functional Foods, Novel Foods and Food Supplements
Requirements Concerning Quality and Safety Issues
Conclusions