Masayuki Inubushi, Yasuto Takeuchi, Chika Murai, and Yoshimasa Kitagawa

6. Oxygen Assessment in Tumors In Vivo using Phosphorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy
Anastasia D. Komarova, Vladislav I. Shcheslavskiy, Anton A. Plekhanov, Marina A. Sirotkina, Leonid N. Bochkarev, and Marina V. Shirmanova

7. Radionuclide Reporter Imaging to Visualize Tumor Hypoxia Ex Vivo and In Vivo
Masayuki Inubushi, Yasuto Takeuchi, and Yoshimasa Kitagawa

8. Measuring Pericellular Oxygen Tension for In Vitro Cell Culture
Zachary J. Rogers, Khushbu Bhatt, and Sidi A. Bencherif

9. A Review of Hypoxia Imaging Using 18F-Fluoromisonidazole Positron Emission Tomography
Kenji Hirata, Shiro Watanabe, Yoshimasa Kitagawa, and Kohsuke Kudo

10. Photoacoustic Lifetime Imaging of Hypoxia
Qi Shao and Joshua G. Punnoose

11. Staining Hypoxic Areas in Frozen and FFPE Tissue Sections with Hypoxyprobe(TM)
Harsh H. Oza, Esther Ng, and Daniele M. Gilkes

Part III Methods to Detect Hypoxia Inducible Factors and their Downstream Targets

12. Multiplex Immunofluorescence Staining Protocol for Dual Imaging of Hypoxia-Inducible Factors 1 and 2 on Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Samples
Harsh H. Oza and Daniele M. Gilkes

13. Detecting Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Levels and Activity
Maimon E. Hubbi

Part IV Methods to Detect Hypoxia-Induced Changes in Cell Metabolism

14. Metabolomic Investigations into Hypoxia-Mediated Metabolic Reprogramming of Pancreatic Cancer Cells
Vira Chumak, Girish H. Rajacharya, and Pankaj K. Singh

15. Measurement of Metabolic Alteration in Immune Cells under Hypoxia
Yuki Fujii and Kamiya Mehla

Part V Methods to Simulate Hypoxia, Evaluate Oxygen Consumption Rates, and Measure FIH Activity Levels

16. Evaluation of Oxygen Consumption Rates In Situ
Anqi Li, Yuan Qin, Ying Zhang, Xiaoqun Zhen, and Guohua Gong

17. Cleanroom-Free Microfluidic Device for Natural Induction of Hypoxia in 2-D and 3-D Tumor Models
Jeong Min Oh and Keyue Shen

18. Oxomer- and Reporter Gene-Based Analysis of FIH Activity in Cells