Carol L. Armstrong is a neuropsychologist with the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine who conducts cognitive neuroscience research and engages in clinical practice; her work began with neurological disorders and diseases such as Alzheimer's dementia, cerebrovascular dementia, multiple sclerosis, head injury, and other diseases and disorders that led to a particular interest in environmental risks for brain injury. With funding from the National Institutes of Health and other agencies, her research evolved into a programmatic focus on neuro-oncology and the effects on the brain from therapeutic irradiation. She has published longitudinal findings on the cognitive and neuroimaging outcomes associated with neural responses to radiotherapy, and discerned them from brain tumor effects. Her work identified the special vulnerability of specific memory systems to injury from radiotherapy, and differentiated them from attention, working memory, and executive functions. Current radiotherapy techniques now protect the hippocampus to the greatest degree possible as part of radiotherapy plans. The pediatric response to therapeutic irradiation shows a different temporal course of post-treatment change in cognition, suggesting a different hippocampal response than that found in adults, and showing that cognition might be a biomarker of radiation effects. The cerebellum is frequently part of the treatment fields for children, and should also be protected as both the hippocampus and cerebellum share the neural mechanisms that make them vulnerable to irradiation.

Dr. Armstrong's long-term interests are the study of memory, attention, and emotion, as well as the cognitive processes affected by white matter disease or injury, and normal effects on white matter as we age. Investigations have focused on resource-limited memory and attention processes, and on the structural distribution of the white matter measure in normal and injured brains. Recent investigations include the comparison of photon versus proton radiotherapy effects on cognition and neuroimaging.

Lisa A. Morrow PhD., retired Associate Professor Emerita, Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. Dr. Morrow is a retired tenured professor and board-certified neuropsychologist with over 35 years experience in clinical and epidemiological research. Her NIH-funded research focused on neurobehavioral and psychiatric functioning in adults with cognitive deficits resulting from various medical disorders, exposure to neurotoxins, and cognitive decline in older individuals with dementia due to Alzheimer's disease, stroke, and Parkinson's disease. Dr. Morrow helped to develop and publish several normative studies of neuropsychological tests and test batteries, including a computer-based assessment of mild memory impairment to aid inthe early detection of mental status changes in the elderly. Dr. Morrow has published over 70 peer-reviewed papers and chapters in major medical and psychological journals, and this research has been acknowledged from a number of professional and neuropsychological organizations.

Features the most up-to-date information on cognitive neuroscience, revised and enhanced from the first edition, for the practitioner, student, and researcher

Presents a wide scope of medical topics, including the aspects of neuropsychology

Coverage includes infectious diseases, endocrine disorders, nutrition-based syndromes, neuro-oncology, posttraumatic stress disorder, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, headache, substance abuse disorders, traumatic brain injury across the lifespan, epilepsy, cognitive aging, autoimmune diseases, respiratory diseases, frontal lobe developmental disorders, cerebral palsy, genetic syndromes affecting intellectual development, hydrocephalus, learning disorders, dementias, movement disorders, rheumatologic syndromes, metabolic diseases, and neurorehabilitation including the role of mindfulness

Part I: Primary Nervous System Disease.- Chapter 1: Epilepsy and Cognitive Plasticity.- Chapter 2: The Continuum of Traumatic Brain Injuries: Subconcussion to Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy.- Chapter 3: Traumatic Brain Injury in Very Early Childhood.- Chapter 4: Neuropsychological Problems in Neuro-oncology.- Chapter 5: Multiple System Atrophy, Orthostatic Hypotension, and Autonomic Dysfunction and Cognition.- Part II: Vascular System Disease.- Chapter 6: Cardiovascular Disease and Neurocognitive Function.- Chapter 7: Cerebrovascular Disease and Disorders.- Chapter 8: Cognitive Declines During Migraine and Cluster Headaches Are Caused by Cerebral 5HT Neurotransmitter Dysfunction.- Chapter 9: Respiratory Disorders: Effects on Neurocognitive and Brain Function.- Chapter 10: Cognitive Functioning in Asthma: Central Nervous System and Other Influences.- Part III: Developmental, Genetic, and Structural Disorders.- Chapter 11: Cerebral Palsy: Effects of Early Brain Injury on Development.- Chapter 12: Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cognitive Neuroscience Perspective.- Chapter 13: Genetic Syndromes Associated with Intellectual Disabilities.- Chapter 14: An Introduction to Congenital and Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.- Chapter 15: Learning Disorders.- Chapter 16: Frontal Lobe Disorders in Pediatric Neuropsychology:Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Tourette Disorder.- Part IV: Aging.- Chapter 17: Dementia.- Chapter 18: Theoretical Perspectives on Cognitive Aging.- Chapter 19: Neuropsychology of Movement Disorders and Motor Neuron Disease: Parkinson's Disease, Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, Essential Tremor, Huntington's Disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.- Part V: Immune-Mediated Disease.- Chapter 20: Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Theories of Cognition and Depression in Multiple Sclerosis and Guillain-Barré Syndrome.- Chapter 21: Neurocognitive Function in Systemic Autoimmune and Rheumatic Diseases.- Chapter 22: HIV-AIDS: The Neurologic andCognitive Consequences of HIV-1 Infection.- Chapter 23: Rheumatologic Conditions: Sjögren's Syndrome, Fibromyalgia, and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.- Part VI: Endocrine Disease.- Chapter 24: Neuropsychological Sequelae of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes.- Chapter 25: Hypothyroidism and Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: Mechanisms, Diagnosis, Neuropsychological Phenotypes, and Treatments.- Chapter 26: Neuropsychological Functioning of Endocrinology Disorders: Gonadotropic Hormones and Corticosteroids.- Chapter 27: Neuropsychological Assessment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).- Part VII: Metabolic Disease.- Chapter 28: Nutrition in Neurocognition and Mental Health.- Chapter 29: Hepatic Encephalopathy.- Chapter 30: Toxic Disorders and Encephalopathy.- Chapter 31: Neurocognition in Mitochondrial Disorders.- Part VIII: Substance Abuse.- Chapter 32: Substance Abuse Disorder: Cognitive Sequelae, Behavioral Manifestations, Neuroimaging Correlates, and Novel Interventions.- Part IX: Rehabilitation.- Chapter 33: Current Approaches to Cognitive Rehabilitation.- Chapter 34: The Role of Mindfulness in Neurorehabilitation: From the Monastery to the Clinic.- Chapter 35: Sensory Reweighting: A Rehabilitative Mechanism?