Contents

Preface........................................................................................................................................................................................... vii

Editors..............................................................................................................................................................................................ix

Contributors.....................................................................................................................................................................................xi

1. Lasers in Metrology: Section Introduction...........................................................................................................................1

Julian Jones and Lance Thomas

2. Fundamental Length Metrology............................................................................................................................................3

Jens Flügge, Stefanie Kroker, and Harald Schnatz

3. Laser Velocimetry.................................................................................................................................................................23

Cameron Tropea

4. Laser Vibrometers.................................................................................................................................................................43

Neil A. Halliwell

5. Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry (ESPI)........................................................................................................... 61

Lianxiang Yang and Xinya Gao

6. Optical Fibre Hydrophones..................................................................................................................................................81

Geoffrey A. Cranch and Philip J. Nash

7. Laser Stabilization for Precision Measurements............................................................................................................. 111

G. P. Barwood and P. Gill

8. Laser Cooling and Trapping..............................................................................................................................................127

Charles Adams and Ifan Hughes

9. Precision Timekeeping: Optical Atomic Clocks..............................................................................................................139

Shimon Kolkowitz and Jun Ye

10. Optical Atomic Clock and Laser Applications to Length and Time Metrology...........................................................157

Y. Jiang, Y. Huang, and K. Gao

11. Gravitation Measurements with Laser Interferometry.................................................................................................. 171

Harold V. Parks

12. Satellite Laser Ranging...................................................................................................................................................... 181

José C. Rodríguez and Graham M. Appleby

13. Lasers in Medical: Section Introduction..........................................................................................................................199

Terence A. King and Brian C. Wilson

14. Light-Tissue Interactions...................................................................................................................................................201

Steven Jacques and Michael Patterson

15. Ophthalmic Laser Therapy and Surgery.........................................................................................................................227

Daniel Palanker

16. Therapeutic Application: Refractive Surgery..................................................................................................................243

Leonardo Mastropasqua

17. Photodynamic Therapy......................................................................................................................................................249

Brian C. Wilson and Stephen G. Bown

18. Therapeutic Applications: Thermal Treatment of Tumours.......................................................................................... 261

Stephen G. Bown

19. Therapeutic Applications: Dermatology-Selective Photothermolysis.........................................................................267

Sean Lanigan

20. Therapeutic Applications: Lasers in Vascular Surgery..................................................................................................273

Mahesh Pai

21. Therapeutic Applications: Free-Electron Laser..............................................................................................................281

E. Duco Jansen, Michael Copeland, Glenn S. Edwards, William Gabella, Karen Joos,

Mark A. Mackanos, Jin H. Shen, and Stephen R. Uhlhorn

22. Medical Diagnostics............................................................................................................................................................291

Brian C. Wilson

23. Broad Bandwidth Light Sources in Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)...............................................................309

Jinxin Huang and Jannick P. Rolland

24. Laser Applications in Biology and Biotechnology........................................................................................................... 321

Sebastian Wachsmann-Hogiu, Alexander J Annala, and Daniel L Farkas

25. Biomedical Laser Safety.....................................................................................................................................................345

Harry Moseley and Bill Davies

26. Laser in Communications: Section Introduction.............................................................................................................365

John Marsh, Subhash C. Singh, and Chunlei Guo

27. Fibre-to-the-Chip: Development of Vertical Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser Arrays

Designed for Integration with VLSI Circuits...................................................................................................................367

Ashok Krishnamoorthy, L. M. F. Chirovsky, K. W. Goosen, J. Lopata, and W. S. Hobson

28. Advances in Laser Satellite Communications..................................................................................................................383

Hamid Hemmati

29. Passive Silicon Photonic Integrated Components and Circuits for Optical Communications...................................397

Daoxin Dai, Yiwei Xie, and Yaocheng Shi

30. Fibre-Optic Transmission Systems from Chip-to-Chip Interconnects to Trans-Oceanic Cables.............................427

Peter J. Winzer

31. Visible Light Communications and LiFi..........................................................................................................................443

Cheng Chen, Mohamed Sufyan Islim, and Harald Haas

32. Optical Data Storage...........................................................................................................................................................463

Byoung S. Ham

Index.............................................................................................................................................................................................473