Foreword Edward F. Zigler; Preface; List of contributors; Part I. Introduction: 1. Early childhood intervention: a continuing evolution Samuel J. Meisels and Jack P. Shonkoff; Part II. Concepts of Developmental Vulnerability and Resilience: 2. The biology of developmental vulnerability Jack P. Shonkoff and Paul C. Marshall; 3. Adaptive and maladaptive parenting: perspectives on risk and protective factors Joy D. Osofsky and M. Dewana Thompson; 4. The human ecology of early risk James Garbarino and Barbara Ganzel; 5. Cultural differences as sources of developmental vulnerabilities and resources Cynthia Garcia Coll and Katherine Magnuson; 6. Protective factors and individual resilience Emmy E. Werner; Part III. Theoretical Frameworks for Intervention: 7. Transactional regulation: the developmental ecology of early intervention Arnold J. Sameroff and Barbara H. Fiese; 8. Guiding principles for a theory of early intervention: a developmental-psychoanalytic perspective Robert N. Emde and Jo Ann Robinson; 9. Behavioral and educational approaches to early intervention Mark Wolery; 10. The neurobiological bases of early intervention Charles A. Nelson; Part IV. Approaches to Assessment: 11. The elements of early childhood assessment Samuel J. Meisels and Sally Atkins-Burnett; 12. Assessment of parent-child interaction: implications for early intervention Jean F. Kelly and Kathryn E. Barnard; 13. Family assessment within early intervention programs Marty Wyngaarden Krauss; 14. Measurement of community characteristics Felton Earls and Stephen Buka; Part V. Service Delivery Models and Systems: 15. Preventive healthcare and anticipatory guidance Paul H. Dworkin; 16. Early care and education: current issues and future strategies Sharon L. Kagan and Michelle J. Neuman; 17. Early intervention for low-income children and families Robert Halpern; 18. Services for young children with disabilities and their families Gloria L. Harbin, R. A. McWilliam and James J. Gallagher; 19. Early childhood mental health services: a policy and systems development perspective Jane Knitzer; 20. Paraprofessionals revisited and reconsidered Judith Musick and Frances Stott; 21. Personal preparation for early childhood intervention programs Nancy K. Klein and Linda Gilkerson; Part VI. Measuring the Impact of Service Delivery: 22. An expanded view of program evaluation in early childhood intervention Penny Hauser-Cram, Marji Erickson Warfield, Carol C. Upshur and Thomas S. Weisner; 23. Another decade of intervention for children who are low income or disabled: what do we know? Dale C. Farran; 24. Early childhood intervention programs: what about the family? Jeanne Brooks-Gunn, Lisa J. Berlin and Allison Sidle Fuligni; 25. Economics of early childhood intervention W. Steven Barnett; Part VII. New Directions for the Twenty-First Century: 26. Early childhood intervention policies: an international perspective Sheila Kammerman; 27. Evolution of family-professional partnerships: collective empowerment as the model for the early twenty-first century Ann P. Turnbull, Vicki Turbiville and H. R. Turnbull; 28. Resilience reconsidered: conceptual considerations, empirical findings, and policy implications Michael Rutter; Name index; Subject index.