Dekorationsartikel gehören nicht zum Leistungsumfang.
Sprache:
Englisch
250,50 €*
Versandkostenfrei per Post / DHL
Aktuell nicht verfügbar
Kategorien:
Beschreibung
Handbook of Bioplastics and Biocomposites Engineering Applications
The 2nd edition of this successful Handbook explores the extensive and growing applications made with bioplastics and biocomposites for the packaging, automotive, biomedical, and construction industries.
Bioplastics are materials that are being researched as a possible replacement for petroleum-based traditional plastics to make them more environmentally friendly. They are made from renewable resources and may be naturally recycled through biological processes, conserving natural resources and reducing CO2 emissions.
The 30 chapters in the Handbook of Bioplastics and Biocomposites Engineering Applications discuss a wide range of technologies and classifications concerned with bioplastics and biocomposites with their applications in various paradigms including the engineering segment. Chapters cover the biobased materials; recycling of bioplastics; biocomposites modeling; various biomedical and engineering-based applications including optical devices, smart materials, cosmetics, drug delivery, clinical, electrochemical, industrial, flame retardant, sports, packaging, disposables, and biomass. The different approaches to sustainability are also treated.
Audience
The Handbook will be of central interest to engineers, scientists, and researchers who are working in the fields of bioplastics, biocomposites, biomaterials for biomedical engineering, biochemistry, and materials science. The book will also be of great importance to engineers in many industries including automotive, biomedical, construction, and food packaging.
The 2nd edition of this successful Handbook explores the extensive and growing applications made with bioplastics and biocomposites for the packaging, automotive, biomedical, and construction industries.
Bioplastics are materials that are being researched as a possible replacement for petroleum-based traditional plastics to make them more environmentally friendly. They are made from renewable resources and may be naturally recycled through biological processes, conserving natural resources and reducing CO2 emissions.
The 30 chapters in the Handbook of Bioplastics and Biocomposites Engineering Applications discuss a wide range of technologies and classifications concerned with bioplastics and biocomposites with their applications in various paradigms including the engineering segment. Chapters cover the biobased materials; recycling of bioplastics; biocomposites modeling; various biomedical and engineering-based applications including optical devices, smart materials, cosmetics, drug delivery, clinical, electrochemical, industrial, flame retardant, sports, packaging, disposables, and biomass. The different approaches to sustainability are also treated.
Audience
The Handbook will be of central interest to engineers, scientists, and researchers who are working in the fields of bioplastics, biocomposites, biomaterials for biomedical engineering, biochemistry, and materials science. The book will also be of great importance to engineers in many industries including automotive, biomedical, construction, and food packaging.
Handbook of Bioplastics and Biocomposites Engineering Applications
The 2nd edition of this successful Handbook explores the extensive and growing applications made with bioplastics and biocomposites for the packaging, automotive, biomedical, and construction industries.
Bioplastics are materials that are being researched as a possible replacement for petroleum-based traditional plastics to make them more environmentally friendly. They are made from renewable resources and may be naturally recycled through biological processes, conserving natural resources and reducing CO2 emissions.
The 30 chapters in the Handbook of Bioplastics and Biocomposites Engineering Applications discuss a wide range of technologies and classifications concerned with bioplastics and biocomposites with their applications in various paradigms including the engineering segment. Chapters cover the biobased materials; recycling of bioplastics; biocomposites modeling; various biomedical and engineering-based applications including optical devices, smart materials, cosmetics, drug delivery, clinical, electrochemical, industrial, flame retardant, sports, packaging, disposables, and biomass. The different approaches to sustainability are also treated.
Audience
The Handbook will be of central interest to engineers, scientists, and researchers who are working in the fields of bioplastics, biocomposites, biomaterials for biomedical engineering, biochemistry, and materials science. The book will also be of great importance to engineers in many industries including automotive, biomedical, construction, and food packaging.
The 2nd edition of this successful Handbook explores the extensive and growing applications made with bioplastics and biocomposites for the packaging, automotive, biomedical, and construction industries.
Bioplastics are materials that are being researched as a possible replacement for petroleum-based traditional plastics to make them more environmentally friendly. They are made from renewable resources and may be naturally recycled through biological processes, conserving natural resources and reducing CO2 emissions.
The 30 chapters in the Handbook of Bioplastics and Biocomposites Engineering Applications discuss a wide range of technologies and classifications concerned with bioplastics and biocomposites with their applications in various paradigms including the engineering segment. Chapters cover the biobased materials; recycling of bioplastics; biocomposites modeling; various biomedical and engineering-based applications including optical devices, smart materials, cosmetics, drug delivery, clinical, electrochemical, industrial, flame retardant, sports, packaging, disposables, and biomass. The different approaches to sustainability are also treated.
Audience
The Handbook will be of central interest to engineers, scientists, and researchers who are working in the fields of bioplastics, biocomposites, biomaterials for biomedical engineering, biochemistry, and materials science. The book will also be of great importance to engineers in many industries including automotive, biomedical, construction, and food packaging.
Über den Autor
Inamuddin, PhD, is an assistant professor at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, and is also an assistant professor in the Department of Applied Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India. He has extensive research experience in the multidisciplinary fields of analytical chemistry, materials chemistry, electrochemistry, renewable energy, and environmental science. He has published about 190 research articles in various international scientific journals, 18 book chapters, and 60 edited books with multiple well-known publishers.
Tariq Altalhi, PhD, is Head of the Department of Chemistry and Vice Dean of Science College at Taif University, Saudi Arabia. He received his doctorate from the University of Adelaide, Australia in 2014. His research interests include developing advanced chemistry-based solutions for solid and liquid municipal waste management, converting plastic bags to carbon nanotubes, and fly ash to efficient adsorbent material. He also researches natural extracts and their application in the generation of value-added products such as nanomaterials.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Preface xxi
Part I: Bioplastics, Synthesis and Process Technology 1
1 An Introduction to Engineering Applications of Bioplastics 3
Andreea Irina Barzic
1.1 Introduction 3
1.2 Classification of Bioplastics 4
1.3 Physical Properties 5
1.3.1 Rheological Properties 5
1.3.2 Optical Properties 6
1.3.3 Mechanical and Thermal Properties 7
1.3.4 Electrical Properties 7
1.4 Applications of Bioplastics in Engineering 8
1.4.1 Bioplastics Applications in Sensors 8
1.4.2 Bioplastics Applications in Energy Sector 10
1.4.3 Bioplastics Applications in Bioengineering 12
1.4.4 Bioplastics Applications in "Green" Electronics 13
1.5 Conclusions 16
Acknowledgement 17
Dedication 17
References 17
2 Biobased Materials: Types and Sources 23
Kushairi Mohd Salleh, Amalia Zulkifli, Nyak Syazwani Nyak Mazlan and Sarani Zakaria
2.1 Introduction 23
2.2 Biodegradable Biobased Material 25
2.2.1 Polysaccharides 25
2.2.2 Starch 26
2.2.3 Polylactic Acid 28
2.2.4 Cellulose 29
2.2.5 Esters 30
2.2.6 Ether 31
2.2.7 Chitosan 32
2.2.8 Alginate 33
2.2.9 Proteins 35
2.2.10 Gluten 36
2.2.11 Gelatine 37
2.2.12 Casein 38
2.2.13 Lipid 39
2.2.14 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) 40
2.3 Nonbiodegradable Biobased Material 41
2.3.1 Polyethylene (PE) 41
2.3.2 Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) 42
2.3.3 Polyamide (PA) 43
2.4 Conclusion 44
Acknowledgment 45
References 45
3 Bioplastic From Renewable Biomass 49
N.B. Singh, Anindita De, Saroj K. Shukla and Mridula Guin
3.1 Introduction 49
3.2 Plastics and Bioplastics 50
3.2.1 Plastics 50
3.2.2 Bioplastics 51
3.3 Classification of Bioplastics 51
3.4 Bioplastic Production 53
3.4.1 Biowaste to Bioplastic 53
3.4.1.1 Lipid Rich Waste 53
3.4.2 Milk Industry Waste 54
3.4.3 Sugar Industry Waste 54
3.4.4 Spent Coffee Beans Waste 55
3.4.5 Bioplastic Agro-Forestry Residue 55
3.4.6 Bioplastic from Microorganism 56
3.4.7 Biomass-Based Polymers 57
3.4.7.1 Biomass-Based Monomers for Polymerization Process 57
3.5 Characterization of Bioplastics 58
3.6 Applications of Bioplastics 60
3.6.1 Food Packaging 60
3.6.2 Agricultural Applications 60
3.6.3 Biomedical Applications 63
3.7 Bioplastic Waste Management Strategies 65
3.7.1 Recycling of Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) 65
3.7.1.1 Mechanical Recycling of PLA 65
3.7.1.2 Chemical Recycling of PLA 65
3.7.2 Recycling of Poly Hydroxy Alkanoates (PHAs) 67
3.7.3 Landfill 68
3.7.4 Incineration 68
3.7.5 Composting 68
3.7.6 Anaerobic Digestion 68
3.7.6.1 Anaerobic Digestion of Poly(Hydroxyalkanoates) 69
3.7.6.2 Anaerobic Digestion of Poly(Lactic Acid) 69
3.8 Conclusions and Future Prospects 70
References 71
4 Modeling of Natural Fiber-Based Biocomposites 81
Fatima-Zahra Semlali Aouragh Hassani, Mounir El Achaby, Abou el Kacem Qaiss and Rachid Bouhfid
4.1 Introduction 81
4.2 Generality of Biocomposites 82
4.2.1 Natural Matrix 83
4.2.2 Natural Reinforcement 84
4.2.3 Natural Fiber Classification 84
4.2.4 Biocomposites Processing 85
4.2.4.1 Extrusion and Injection 85
4.2.4.2 Compression Molding 86
4.2.5 RTM-Resin Transfer Molding 86
4.2.6 Hand Lay-Up Technique 86
4.3 Parameters Affecting the Biocomposites Properties 87
4.3.1 Fiber's Aspect Ratio 87
4.3.2 Fiber/Matrix Interfacial Adhesion 88
4.3.3 Fibers Orientation and Dispersion 89
4.3.3.1 Short Fibers Orientation 89
4.3.3.2 Fiber's Orientation in Simple Shear Flow 90
4.3.3.3 Fiber's Orientation in Elongational Flow 90
4.4 Process Molding of Biocomposites 92
4.4.1 Unidirectional Fibers 93
4.4.1.1 Classical Laminate Theory 93
4.4.1.2 Rule of Mixture 93
4.4.1.3 Halpin-Tsai Model 95
4.4.1.4 Hui-Shia Model 95
4.4.2 Random Fibers 96
4.4.2.1 Hirsch Model 96
4.4.2.2 Self-Consistent Approach (Modified Hirsch Model) 97
4.4.2.3 Tsai-Pagano Model 97
4.5 Conclusion 97
References 98
5 Process Modeling in Biocomposites 103
Joy Hoskeri H., Nivedita Pujari S. and Arun K. Shettar
5.1 Introduction 103
5.2 Biopolymer Composites 104
5.2.1 Natural Fiber-Based Biopolymer Composites 104
5.2.2 Applications of Biopolymer Composites 105
5.2.3 Properties of Biopolymer Composites 107
5.3 Classification of Biocomposites 108
5.3.1 PLA Biocomposites 109
5.3.2 Nanobiocomposites 109
5.3.3 Hybrid Biocomposites 109
5.3.4 Natural Fiber-Based Composites 109
5.4 Process Modeling of Biocomposite Models 110
5.4.1 Compression Moulding 110
5.4.2 Injection Moulding 111
5.4.3 Extrusion Method 112
5.5 Formulation of Models 112
5.5.1 Types of Model 113
5.6 Conclusion 113
References 115
6 Microbial Technology in Bioplastic Production and Engineering 121
Dileep Francis and Deepu Joy Parayil
6.1 Introduction 121
6.2 Fundamental Principles of Microbial Bioplastic Production 123
6.3 Bioplastics Obtained Directly from Microorganisms 125
6.3.1 Pha 125
6.3.2 Poly (gamma-Glutamic Acid) (PGA) 129
6.4 Bioplastics from Microbial Monomers 130
6.4.1 Bioplastics from Aliphatic Monomers 130
6.4.1.1 Pla 130
6.4.1.2 Poly (Butylene Succinate) 133
6.4.1.3 Biopolyamides (Nylons) 134
6.4.1.4 1, 3-Propanediol (PDO) 137
6.4.2 Bioplastics from Aromatic Monomers 137
6.5 Lignocellulosic Biomass for Bioplastic Production 138
6.6 Conclusion 140
References 140
7 Synthesis of Green Bioplastics 149
J.E. Castanheiro, P.A. Mourão and I. Cansado
7.1 Introduction 149
7.2 Bioplastic 150
7.2.1 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) 150
7.2.2 Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) 151
7.2.3 Cellulose 152
7.2.4 Starch 153
7.3 Renewable Raw Material to Produce Bioplastic 153
7.3.1 Raw Material from Agriculture 153
7.3.2 Organic Waste as Resources for Bioplastic Production 153
7.3.3 Algae as Resources for Bioplastic Production 153
7.3.4 Wastewater as Resources for Bioplastic Production 154
7.4 Bioplastics Applications 155
7.4.1 Food Industry 155
7.4.2 Agricultural Applications 156
7.4.3 Medical Applications 156
7.4.4 Other Applications 156
7.5 Conclusions 156
References 157
8 Natural Oil-Based Sustainable Materials for a Green Strategy 161
Figen Balo, Berrak Aksakal , Lutfu S. Sua and Zeliha Mahmat
8.1 Introduction 161
8.2 Methodology 164
8.2.1 Entropy Methodology 165
8.2.2 Copras Methodology 167
8.3 Conclusions 171
References 172
Part II: Applications of Bioplastics in Health and Hygiene 175
9 Biomedical Applications of Bioplastics 177
Syed Tareq, Jaison Jeevanandam, Caleb Acquah and Michael K. Danquah
9.1 Introduction 177
9.2 Synthesis of Bioplastics 180
9.2.1 Starch-Based Bioplastics 181
9.2.2 Cellulose-Based Bioplastics 181
9.2.3 Chitin and Chitosan 181
9.2.4 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) 181
9.2.5 Polylactic Acid (PLA) 182
9.2.6 Bioplastics from Microalgae 182
9.3 Properties of Bioplastics 183
9.3.1 Material Strength 183
9.3.2 Electrical, Mechanical, and Optical Behavior of Bioplastic 184
9.4 Biological Properties of Bioplastics 184
9.5 Biomedical Applications of Bioplastics 185
9.5.1 Antimicrobial Property 185
9.5.2 Biocontrol Agents 187
9.5.3 Pharmaceutical Applications of Bioplastics 187
9.5.4 Implantation 188
9.5.5 Tissue Engineering Applications 189
9.5.6 Memory Enhancer 189
9.6 Limitations 190
9.7 Conclusion 191
References 191
10 Applications of Bioplastics in Hygiene Cosmetic 199
Anuradha and Jagvir Singh
10.1 Introduction 199
10.2 The Need to Find an Alternative to Plastic 200
10.3 Bioplastics 201
10.3.1 Characteristic of Bioplastics 201
10.3.2 Types (Classification) 202
10.3.3 Uses of Bioplastics 202
10.4 Resources of Bioplastic 202
10.4.1 Polysaccharides 202
10.4.2 Starch or Amylum 202
10.4.3 Cellulose 203
10.4.3.1 Source of Cellulose 204
10.5 Use of Biodegradable Materials in Packaging 204
10.6 Bionanocomposite 204
10.7 Hygiene Cosmetic Packaging 206
10.8 Conclusion 206
References 207
11 Biodegradable Polymers in Drug Delivery 211
Ariane Regina Souza Rossin, Fabiana Cardoso Lima, Camila Cassia Cordeiro, Erica Fernanda Poruczinski, Josiane Caetano and Douglas Cardoso Dragunski
11.1 Introduction 211
11.2 Biodegradable Polymer (BP) 212
11.2.1 Natural 212
11.2.1.1 Polysaccharides 213
11.2.1.2 Proteins 214
11.2.2 Synthetic 214
11.2.2.1 Polyesters 215
11.2.2.2 Polyanhydrides 215
11.2.2.3 Polycarbonates 216
11.2.2.4 Polyphosphazenes 216
11.2.2.5 Polyurethanes 216
11.3 Device Types 217
11.3.1 Three-Dimensional Printing Devices 217
11.3.1.1 Implants 217
11.3.1.2 Tablets 217
11.3.1.3 Microneedles 218
11.3.1.4 Nanofibers 218
11.3.2 Nanocarriers 218
11.3.2.1 Nanoparticles 218
11.3.2.2 Dendrimers 219
11.3.2.3 Hydrogels 219
11.4 Applications 219
11.4.1 Intravenous 219
11.4.2 Transdermal 220
11.4.3 Oral 221
11.4.4 Ocular 221
11.5 Existing Materials in the Market 221
11.6 Conclusions and Future Projections 222
References 223
12 Microorganism-Derived Bioplastics for Clinical Applications 229
Namrata Sangwan, Arushi Chauhan, Jitender Singh and Pramod K. Avti
12.1 Introduction 229
12.2 Types of Bioplastics 231
12.2.1 Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) 231
12.2.2 Polyhydroxyalkanoate 232
12.2.3 Poly-Lactic Acid 233
12.2.4 Poly Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) 234
12.2.5 Poly (epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) 235
12.3 Properties of Bioplastics 235
12.3.1 Physiochemical, Mechanical, and Biological Properties of Bioplastics 236
12.3.1.1 Polylactic Acid 236
12.3.1.2 Poly Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid 236
12.3.1.3 Polycaprolactone 237
12.3.1.4 Polyhydroxyalkanoates 237
12.3.1.5 Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) 238
12.4 Applications 238
12.4.1 Tissue Engineering 238
12.4.2 Drug Delivery System 240
12.4.3 Implants and Prostheses 242
12.5 Conclusion 244
References 245
13 Biomedical Applications of Biocomposites Derived From Cellulose 251
Subhajit Kundu, Debarati Mitra and Mahuya Das
13.1 Introduction 251
13.2 Importance of Cellulose in the Field of Biocomposite 252
13.3 Classification of Cellulose 252
13.4 Synthesis of Cellulose in Different Form 253
13.4.1 Mechanical Extraction 253
13.4.2 Electrochemical Method 254
13.4.3 Chemical Extraction 254
13.4.4 Enzymatic Hydrolysis 254
13.4.5 Bacterial Production of Cellulose 256
13.5 Formation of...
Part I: Bioplastics, Synthesis and Process Technology 1
1 An Introduction to Engineering Applications of Bioplastics 3
Andreea Irina Barzic
1.1 Introduction 3
1.2 Classification of Bioplastics 4
1.3 Physical Properties 5
1.3.1 Rheological Properties 5
1.3.2 Optical Properties 6
1.3.3 Mechanical and Thermal Properties 7
1.3.4 Electrical Properties 7
1.4 Applications of Bioplastics in Engineering 8
1.4.1 Bioplastics Applications in Sensors 8
1.4.2 Bioplastics Applications in Energy Sector 10
1.4.3 Bioplastics Applications in Bioengineering 12
1.4.4 Bioplastics Applications in "Green" Electronics 13
1.5 Conclusions 16
Acknowledgement 17
Dedication 17
References 17
2 Biobased Materials: Types and Sources 23
Kushairi Mohd Salleh, Amalia Zulkifli, Nyak Syazwani Nyak Mazlan and Sarani Zakaria
2.1 Introduction 23
2.2 Biodegradable Biobased Material 25
2.2.1 Polysaccharides 25
2.2.2 Starch 26
2.2.3 Polylactic Acid 28
2.2.4 Cellulose 29
2.2.5 Esters 30
2.2.6 Ether 31
2.2.7 Chitosan 32
2.2.8 Alginate 33
2.2.9 Proteins 35
2.2.10 Gluten 36
2.2.11 Gelatine 37
2.2.12 Casein 38
2.2.13 Lipid 39
2.2.14 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) 40
2.3 Nonbiodegradable Biobased Material 41
2.3.1 Polyethylene (PE) 41
2.3.2 Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) 42
2.3.3 Polyamide (PA) 43
2.4 Conclusion 44
Acknowledgment 45
References 45
3 Bioplastic From Renewable Biomass 49
N.B. Singh, Anindita De, Saroj K. Shukla and Mridula Guin
3.1 Introduction 49
3.2 Plastics and Bioplastics 50
3.2.1 Plastics 50
3.2.2 Bioplastics 51
3.3 Classification of Bioplastics 51
3.4 Bioplastic Production 53
3.4.1 Biowaste to Bioplastic 53
3.4.1.1 Lipid Rich Waste 53
3.4.2 Milk Industry Waste 54
3.4.3 Sugar Industry Waste 54
3.4.4 Spent Coffee Beans Waste 55
3.4.5 Bioplastic Agro-Forestry Residue 55
3.4.6 Bioplastic from Microorganism 56
3.4.7 Biomass-Based Polymers 57
3.4.7.1 Biomass-Based Monomers for Polymerization Process 57
3.5 Characterization of Bioplastics 58
3.6 Applications of Bioplastics 60
3.6.1 Food Packaging 60
3.6.2 Agricultural Applications 60
3.6.3 Biomedical Applications 63
3.7 Bioplastic Waste Management Strategies 65
3.7.1 Recycling of Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) 65
3.7.1.1 Mechanical Recycling of PLA 65
3.7.1.2 Chemical Recycling of PLA 65
3.7.2 Recycling of Poly Hydroxy Alkanoates (PHAs) 67
3.7.3 Landfill 68
3.7.4 Incineration 68
3.7.5 Composting 68
3.7.6 Anaerobic Digestion 68
3.7.6.1 Anaerobic Digestion of Poly(Hydroxyalkanoates) 69
3.7.6.2 Anaerobic Digestion of Poly(Lactic Acid) 69
3.8 Conclusions and Future Prospects 70
References 71
4 Modeling of Natural Fiber-Based Biocomposites 81
Fatima-Zahra Semlali Aouragh Hassani, Mounir El Achaby, Abou el Kacem Qaiss and Rachid Bouhfid
4.1 Introduction 81
4.2 Generality of Biocomposites 82
4.2.1 Natural Matrix 83
4.2.2 Natural Reinforcement 84
4.2.3 Natural Fiber Classification 84
4.2.4 Biocomposites Processing 85
4.2.4.1 Extrusion and Injection 85
4.2.4.2 Compression Molding 86
4.2.5 RTM-Resin Transfer Molding 86
4.2.6 Hand Lay-Up Technique 86
4.3 Parameters Affecting the Biocomposites Properties 87
4.3.1 Fiber's Aspect Ratio 87
4.3.2 Fiber/Matrix Interfacial Adhesion 88
4.3.3 Fibers Orientation and Dispersion 89
4.3.3.1 Short Fibers Orientation 89
4.3.3.2 Fiber's Orientation in Simple Shear Flow 90
4.3.3.3 Fiber's Orientation in Elongational Flow 90
4.4 Process Molding of Biocomposites 92
4.4.1 Unidirectional Fibers 93
4.4.1.1 Classical Laminate Theory 93
4.4.1.2 Rule of Mixture 93
4.4.1.3 Halpin-Tsai Model 95
4.4.1.4 Hui-Shia Model 95
4.4.2 Random Fibers 96
4.4.2.1 Hirsch Model 96
4.4.2.2 Self-Consistent Approach (Modified Hirsch Model) 97
4.4.2.3 Tsai-Pagano Model 97
4.5 Conclusion 97
References 98
5 Process Modeling in Biocomposites 103
Joy Hoskeri H., Nivedita Pujari S. and Arun K. Shettar
5.1 Introduction 103
5.2 Biopolymer Composites 104
5.2.1 Natural Fiber-Based Biopolymer Composites 104
5.2.2 Applications of Biopolymer Composites 105
5.2.3 Properties of Biopolymer Composites 107
5.3 Classification of Biocomposites 108
5.3.1 PLA Biocomposites 109
5.3.2 Nanobiocomposites 109
5.3.3 Hybrid Biocomposites 109
5.3.4 Natural Fiber-Based Composites 109
5.4 Process Modeling of Biocomposite Models 110
5.4.1 Compression Moulding 110
5.4.2 Injection Moulding 111
5.4.3 Extrusion Method 112
5.5 Formulation of Models 112
5.5.1 Types of Model 113
5.6 Conclusion 113
References 115
6 Microbial Technology in Bioplastic Production and Engineering 121
Dileep Francis and Deepu Joy Parayil
6.1 Introduction 121
6.2 Fundamental Principles of Microbial Bioplastic Production 123
6.3 Bioplastics Obtained Directly from Microorganisms 125
6.3.1 Pha 125
6.3.2 Poly (gamma-Glutamic Acid) (PGA) 129
6.4 Bioplastics from Microbial Monomers 130
6.4.1 Bioplastics from Aliphatic Monomers 130
6.4.1.1 Pla 130
6.4.1.2 Poly (Butylene Succinate) 133
6.4.1.3 Biopolyamides (Nylons) 134
6.4.1.4 1, 3-Propanediol (PDO) 137
6.4.2 Bioplastics from Aromatic Monomers 137
6.5 Lignocellulosic Biomass for Bioplastic Production 138
6.6 Conclusion 140
References 140
7 Synthesis of Green Bioplastics 149
J.E. Castanheiro, P.A. Mourão and I. Cansado
7.1 Introduction 149
7.2 Bioplastic 150
7.2.1 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) 150
7.2.2 Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) 151
7.2.3 Cellulose 152
7.2.4 Starch 153
7.3 Renewable Raw Material to Produce Bioplastic 153
7.3.1 Raw Material from Agriculture 153
7.3.2 Organic Waste as Resources for Bioplastic Production 153
7.3.3 Algae as Resources for Bioplastic Production 153
7.3.4 Wastewater as Resources for Bioplastic Production 154
7.4 Bioplastics Applications 155
7.4.1 Food Industry 155
7.4.2 Agricultural Applications 156
7.4.3 Medical Applications 156
7.4.4 Other Applications 156
7.5 Conclusions 156
References 157
8 Natural Oil-Based Sustainable Materials for a Green Strategy 161
Figen Balo, Berrak Aksakal , Lutfu S. Sua and Zeliha Mahmat
8.1 Introduction 161
8.2 Methodology 164
8.2.1 Entropy Methodology 165
8.2.2 Copras Methodology 167
8.3 Conclusions 171
References 172
Part II: Applications of Bioplastics in Health and Hygiene 175
9 Biomedical Applications of Bioplastics 177
Syed Tareq, Jaison Jeevanandam, Caleb Acquah and Michael K. Danquah
9.1 Introduction 177
9.2 Synthesis of Bioplastics 180
9.2.1 Starch-Based Bioplastics 181
9.2.2 Cellulose-Based Bioplastics 181
9.2.3 Chitin and Chitosan 181
9.2.4 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) 181
9.2.5 Polylactic Acid (PLA) 182
9.2.6 Bioplastics from Microalgae 182
9.3 Properties of Bioplastics 183
9.3.1 Material Strength 183
9.3.2 Electrical, Mechanical, and Optical Behavior of Bioplastic 184
9.4 Biological Properties of Bioplastics 184
9.5 Biomedical Applications of Bioplastics 185
9.5.1 Antimicrobial Property 185
9.5.2 Biocontrol Agents 187
9.5.3 Pharmaceutical Applications of Bioplastics 187
9.5.4 Implantation 188
9.5.5 Tissue Engineering Applications 189
9.5.6 Memory Enhancer 189
9.6 Limitations 190
9.7 Conclusion 191
References 191
10 Applications of Bioplastics in Hygiene Cosmetic 199
Anuradha and Jagvir Singh
10.1 Introduction 199
10.2 The Need to Find an Alternative to Plastic 200
10.3 Bioplastics 201
10.3.1 Characteristic of Bioplastics 201
10.3.2 Types (Classification) 202
10.3.3 Uses of Bioplastics 202
10.4 Resources of Bioplastic 202
10.4.1 Polysaccharides 202
10.4.2 Starch or Amylum 202
10.4.3 Cellulose 203
10.4.3.1 Source of Cellulose 204
10.5 Use of Biodegradable Materials in Packaging 204
10.6 Bionanocomposite 204
10.7 Hygiene Cosmetic Packaging 206
10.8 Conclusion 206
References 207
11 Biodegradable Polymers in Drug Delivery 211
Ariane Regina Souza Rossin, Fabiana Cardoso Lima, Camila Cassia Cordeiro, Erica Fernanda Poruczinski, Josiane Caetano and Douglas Cardoso Dragunski
11.1 Introduction 211
11.2 Biodegradable Polymer (BP) 212
11.2.1 Natural 212
11.2.1.1 Polysaccharides 213
11.2.1.2 Proteins 214
11.2.2 Synthetic 214
11.2.2.1 Polyesters 215
11.2.2.2 Polyanhydrides 215
11.2.2.3 Polycarbonates 216
11.2.2.4 Polyphosphazenes 216
11.2.2.5 Polyurethanes 216
11.3 Device Types 217
11.3.1 Three-Dimensional Printing Devices 217
11.3.1.1 Implants 217
11.3.1.2 Tablets 217
11.3.1.3 Microneedles 218
11.3.1.4 Nanofibers 218
11.3.2 Nanocarriers 218
11.3.2.1 Nanoparticles 218
11.3.2.2 Dendrimers 219
11.3.2.3 Hydrogels 219
11.4 Applications 219
11.4.1 Intravenous 219
11.4.2 Transdermal 220
11.4.3 Oral 221
11.4.4 Ocular 221
11.5 Existing Materials in the Market 221
11.6 Conclusions and Future Projections 222
References 223
12 Microorganism-Derived Bioplastics for Clinical Applications 229
Namrata Sangwan, Arushi Chauhan, Jitender Singh and Pramod K. Avti
12.1 Introduction 229
12.2 Types of Bioplastics 231
12.2.1 Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) 231
12.2.2 Polyhydroxyalkanoate 232
12.2.3 Poly-Lactic Acid 233
12.2.4 Poly Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) 234
12.2.5 Poly (epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) 235
12.3 Properties of Bioplastics 235
12.3.1 Physiochemical, Mechanical, and Biological Properties of Bioplastics 236
12.3.1.1 Polylactic Acid 236
12.3.1.2 Poly Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid 236
12.3.1.3 Polycaprolactone 237
12.3.1.4 Polyhydroxyalkanoates 237
12.3.1.5 Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) 238
12.4 Applications 238
12.4.1 Tissue Engineering 238
12.4.2 Drug Delivery System 240
12.4.3 Implants and Prostheses 242
12.5 Conclusion 244
References 245
13 Biomedical Applications of Biocomposites Derived From Cellulose 251
Subhajit Kundu, Debarati Mitra and Mahuya Das
13.1 Introduction 251
13.2 Importance of Cellulose in the Field of Biocomposite 252
13.3 Classification of Cellulose 252
13.4 Synthesis of Cellulose in Different Form 253
13.4.1 Mechanical Extraction 253
13.4.2 Electrochemical Method 254
13.4.3 Chemical Extraction 254
13.4.4 Enzymatic Hydrolysis 254
13.4.5 Bacterial Production of Cellulose 256
13.5 Formation of...
Details
| Erscheinungsjahr: | 2022 |
|---|---|
| Fachbereich: | Populäre Darstellungen |
| Genre: | Chemie |
| Rubrik: | Naturwissenschaften & Technik |
| Medium: | Buch |
| Seiten: | 688 |
| Inhalt: | 688 S. |
| ISBN-13: | 9781119160137 |
| ISBN-10: | 1119160138 |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Herstellernummer: | 1W119160130 |
| Einband: | Gebunden |
| Redaktion: |
Inamuddin
Altalhi, Tariq |
| Herausgeber: | Inamuddin/Tariq Altalhi |
| Auflage: | 2nd edition |
| Hersteller: | Wiley |
| Maße: | 263 x 183 x 43 mm |
| Von/Mit: | Inamuddin (u. a.) |
| Erscheinungsdatum: | 28.12.2022 |
| Gewicht: | 1,488 kg |
Über den Autor
Inamuddin, PhD, is an assistant professor at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, and is also an assistant professor in the Department of Applied Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India. He has extensive research experience in the multidisciplinary fields of analytical chemistry, materials chemistry, electrochemistry, renewable energy, and environmental science. He has published about 190 research articles in various international scientific journals, 18 book chapters, and 60 edited books with multiple well-known publishers.
Tariq Altalhi, PhD, is Head of the Department of Chemistry and Vice Dean of Science College at Taif University, Saudi Arabia. He received his doctorate from the University of Adelaide, Australia in 2014. His research interests include developing advanced chemistry-based solutions for solid and liquid municipal waste management, converting plastic bags to carbon nanotubes, and fly ash to efficient adsorbent material. He also researches natural extracts and their application in the generation of value-added products such as nanomaterials.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Preface xxi
Part I: Bioplastics, Synthesis and Process Technology 1
1 An Introduction to Engineering Applications of Bioplastics 3
Andreea Irina Barzic
1.1 Introduction 3
1.2 Classification of Bioplastics 4
1.3 Physical Properties 5
1.3.1 Rheological Properties 5
1.3.2 Optical Properties 6
1.3.3 Mechanical and Thermal Properties 7
1.3.4 Electrical Properties 7
1.4 Applications of Bioplastics in Engineering 8
1.4.1 Bioplastics Applications in Sensors 8
1.4.2 Bioplastics Applications in Energy Sector 10
1.4.3 Bioplastics Applications in Bioengineering 12
1.4.4 Bioplastics Applications in "Green" Electronics 13
1.5 Conclusions 16
Acknowledgement 17
Dedication 17
References 17
2 Biobased Materials: Types and Sources 23
Kushairi Mohd Salleh, Amalia Zulkifli, Nyak Syazwani Nyak Mazlan and Sarani Zakaria
2.1 Introduction 23
2.2 Biodegradable Biobased Material 25
2.2.1 Polysaccharides 25
2.2.2 Starch 26
2.2.3 Polylactic Acid 28
2.2.4 Cellulose 29
2.2.5 Esters 30
2.2.6 Ether 31
2.2.7 Chitosan 32
2.2.8 Alginate 33
2.2.9 Proteins 35
2.2.10 Gluten 36
2.2.11 Gelatine 37
2.2.12 Casein 38
2.2.13 Lipid 39
2.2.14 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) 40
2.3 Nonbiodegradable Biobased Material 41
2.3.1 Polyethylene (PE) 41
2.3.2 Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) 42
2.3.3 Polyamide (PA) 43
2.4 Conclusion 44
Acknowledgment 45
References 45
3 Bioplastic From Renewable Biomass 49
N.B. Singh, Anindita De, Saroj K. Shukla and Mridula Guin
3.1 Introduction 49
3.2 Plastics and Bioplastics 50
3.2.1 Plastics 50
3.2.2 Bioplastics 51
3.3 Classification of Bioplastics 51
3.4 Bioplastic Production 53
3.4.1 Biowaste to Bioplastic 53
3.4.1.1 Lipid Rich Waste 53
3.4.2 Milk Industry Waste 54
3.4.3 Sugar Industry Waste 54
3.4.4 Spent Coffee Beans Waste 55
3.4.5 Bioplastic Agro-Forestry Residue 55
3.4.6 Bioplastic from Microorganism 56
3.4.7 Biomass-Based Polymers 57
3.4.7.1 Biomass-Based Monomers for Polymerization Process 57
3.5 Characterization of Bioplastics 58
3.6 Applications of Bioplastics 60
3.6.1 Food Packaging 60
3.6.2 Agricultural Applications 60
3.6.3 Biomedical Applications 63
3.7 Bioplastic Waste Management Strategies 65
3.7.1 Recycling of Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) 65
3.7.1.1 Mechanical Recycling of PLA 65
3.7.1.2 Chemical Recycling of PLA 65
3.7.2 Recycling of Poly Hydroxy Alkanoates (PHAs) 67
3.7.3 Landfill 68
3.7.4 Incineration 68
3.7.5 Composting 68
3.7.6 Anaerobic Digestion 68
3.7.6.1 Anaerobic Digestion of Poly(Hydroxyalkanoates) 69
3.7.6.2 Anaerobic Digestion of Poly(Lactic Acid) 69
3.8 Conclusions and Future Prospects 70
References 71
4 Modeling of Natural Fiber-Based Biocomposites 81
Fatima-Zahra Semlali Aouragh Hassani, Mounir El Achaby, Abou el Kacem Qaiss and Rachid Bouhfid
4.1 Introduction 81
4.2 Generality of Biocomposites 82
4.2.1 Natural Matrix 83
4.2.2 Natural Reinforcement 84
4.2.3 Natural Fiber Classification 84
4.2.4 Biocomposites Processing 85
4.2.4.1 Extrusion and Injection 85
4.2.4.2 Compression Molding 86
4.2.5 RTM-Resin Transfer Molding 86
4.2.6 Hand Lay-Up Technique 86
4.3 Parameters Affecting the Biocomposites Properties 87
4.3.1 Fiber's Aspect Ratio 87
4.3.2 Fiber/Matrix Interfacial Adhesion 88
4.3.3 Fibers Orientation and Dispersion 89
4.3.3.1 Short Fibers Orientation 89
4.3.3.2 Fiber's Orientation in Simple Shear Flow 90
4.3.3.3 Fiber's Orientation in Elongational Flow 90
4.4 Process Molding of Biocomposites 92
4.4.1 Unidirectional Fibers 93
4.4.1.1 Classical Laminate Theory 93
4.4.1.2 Rule of Mixture 93
4.4.1.3 Halpin-Tsai Model 95
4.4.1.4 Hui-Shia Model 95
4.4.2 Random Fibers 96
4.4.2.1 Hirsch Model 96
4.4.2.2 Self-Consistent Approach (Modified Hirsch Model) 97
4.4.2.3 Tsai-Pagano Model 97
4.5 Conclusion 97
References 98
5 Process Modeling in Biocomposites 103
Joy Hoskeri H., Nivedita Pujari S. and Arun K. Shettar
5.1 Introduction 103
5.2 Biopolymer Composites 104
5.2.1 Natural Fiber-Based Biopolymer Composites 104
5.2.2 Applications of Biopolymer Composites 105
5.2.3 Properties of Biopolymer Composites 107
5.3 Classification of Biocomposites 108
5.3.1 PLA Biocomposites 109
5.3.2 Nanobiocomposites 109
5.3.3 Hybrid Biocomposites 109
5.3.4 Natural Fiber-Based Composites 109
5.4 Process Modeling of Biocomposite Models 110
5.4.1 Compression Moulding 110
5.4.2 Injection Moulding 111
5.4.3 Extrusion Method 112
5.5 Formulation of Models 112
5.5.1 Types of Model 113
5.6 Conclusion 113
References 115
6 Microbial Technology in Bioplastic Production and Engineering 121
Dileep Francis and Deepu Joy Parayil
6.1 Introduction 121
6.2 Fundamental Principles of Microbial Bioplastic Production 123
6.3 Bioplastics Obtained Directly from Microorganisms 125
6.3.1 Pha 125
6.3.2 Poly (gamma-Glutamic Acid) (PGA) 129
6.4 Bioplastics from Microbial Monomers 130
6.4.1 Bioplastics from Aliphatic Monomers 130
6.4.1.1 Pla 130
6.4.1.2 Poly (Butylene Succinate) 133
6.4.1.3 Biopolyamides (Nylons) 134
6.4.1.4 1, 3-Propanediol (PDO) 137
6.4.2 Bioplastics from Aromatic Monomers 137
6.5 Lignocellulosic Biomass for Bioplastic Production 138
6.6 Conclusion 140
References 140
7 Synthesis of Green Bioplastics 149
J.E. Castanheiro, P.A. Mourão and I. Cansado
7.1 Introduction 149
7.2 Bioplastic 150
7.2.1 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) 150
7.2.2 Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) 151
7.2.3 Cellulose 152
7.2.4 Starch 153
7.3 Renewable Raw Material to Produce Bioplastic 153
7.3.1 Raw Material from Agriculture 153
7.3.2 Organic Waste as Resources for Bioplastic Production 153
7.3.3 Algae as Resources for Bioplastic Production 153
7.3.4 Wastewater as Resources for Bioplastic Production 154
7.4 Bioplastics Applications 155
7.4.1 Food Industry 155
7.4.2 Agricultural Applications 156
7.4.3 Medical Applications 156
7.4.4 Other Applications 156
7.5 Conclusions 156
References 157
8 Natural Oil-Based Sustainable Materials for a Green Strategy 161
Figen Balo, Berrak Aksakal , Lutfu S. Sua and Zeliha Mahmat
8.1 Introduction 161
8.2 Methodology 164
8.2.1 Entropy Methodology 165
8.2.2 Copras Methodology 167
8.3 Conclusions 171
References 172
Part II: Applications of Bioplastics in Health and Hygiene 175
9 Biomedical Applications of Bioplastics 177
Syed Tareq, Jaison Jeevanandam, Caleb Acquah and Michael K. Danquah
9.1 Introduction 177
9.2 Synthesis of Bioplastics 180
9.2.1 Starch-Based Bioplastics 181
9.2.2 Cellulose-Based Bioplastics 181
9.2.3 Chitin and Chitosan 181
9.2.4 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) 181
9.2.5 Polylactic Acid (PLA) 182
9.2.6 Bioplastics from Microalgae 182
9.3 Properties of Bioplastics 183
9.3.1 Material Strength 183
9.3.2 Electrical, Mechanical, and Optical Behavior of Bioplastic 184
9.4 Biological Properties of Bioplastics 184
9.5 Biomedical Applications of Bioplastics 185
9.5.1 Antimicrobial Property 185
9.5.2 Biocontrol Agents 187
9.5.3 Pharmaceutical Applications of Bioplastics 187
9.5.4 Implantation 188
9.5.5 Tissue Engineering Applications 189
9.5.6 Memory Enhancer 189
9.6 Limitations 190
9.7 Conclusion 191
References 191
10 Applications of Bioplastics in Hygiene Cosmetic 199
Anuradha and Jagvir Singh
10.1 Introduction 199
10.2 The Need to Find an Alternative to Plastic 200
10.3 Bioplastics 201
10.3.1 Characteristic of Bioplastics 201
10.3.2 Types (Classification) 202
10.3.3 Uses of Bioplastics 202
10.4 Resources of Bioplastic 202
10.4.1 Polysaccharides 202
10.4.2 Starch or Amylum 202
10.4.3 Cellulose 203
10.4.3.1 Source of Cellulose 204
10.5 Use of Biodegradable Materials in Packaging 204
10.6 Bionanocomposite 204
10.7 Hygiene Cosmetic Packaging 206
10.8 Conclusion 206
References 207
11 Biodegradable Polymers in Drug Delivery 211
Ariane Regina Souza Rossin, Fabiana Cardoso Lima, Camila Cassia Cordeiro, Erica Fernanda Poruczinski, Josiane Caetano and Douglas Cardoso Dragunski
11.1 Introduction 211
11.2 Biodegradable Polymer (BP) 212
11.2.1 Natural 212
11.2.1.1 Polysaccharides 213
11.2.1.2 Proteins 214
11.2.2 Synthetic 214
11.2.2.1 Polyesters 215
11.2.2.2 Polyanhydrides 215
11.2.2.3 Polycarbonates 216
11.2.2.4 Polyphosphazenes 216
11.2.2.5 Polyurethanes 216
11.3 Device Types 217
11.3.1 Three-Dimensional Printing Devices 217
11.3.1.1 Implants 217
11.3.1.2 Tablets 217
11.3.1.3 Microneedles 218
11.3.1.4 Nanofibers 218
11.3.2 Nanocarriers 218
11.3.2.1 Nanoparticles 218
11.3.2.2 Dendrimers 219
11.3.2.3 Hydrogels 219
11.4 Applications 219
11.4.1 Intravenous 219
11.4.2 Transdermal 220
11.4.3 Oral 221
11.4.4 Ocular 221
11.5 Existing Materials in the Market 221
11.6 Conclusions and Future Projections 222
References 223
12 Microorganism-Derived Bioplastics for Clinical Applications 229
Namrata Sangwan, Arushi Chauhan, Jitender Singh and Pramod K. Avti
12.1 Introduction 229
12.2 Types of Bioplastics 231
12.2.1 Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) 231
12.2.2 Polyhydroxyalkanoate 232
12.2.3 Poly-Lactic Acid 233
12.2.4 Poly Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) 234
12.2.5 Poly (epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) 235
12.3 Properties of Bioplastics 235
12.3.1 Physiochemical, Mechanical, and Biological Properties of Bioplastics 236
12.3.1.1 Polylactic Acid 236
12.3.1.2 Poly Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid 236
12.3.1.3 Polycaprolactone 237
12.3.1.4 Polyhydroxyalkanoates 237
12.3.1.5 Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) 238
12.4 Applications 238
12.4.1 Tissue Engineering 238
12.4.2 Drug Delivery System 240
12.4.3 Implants and Prostheses 242
12.5 Conclusion 244
References 245
13 Biomedical Applications of Biocomposites Derived From Cellulose 251
Subhajit Kundu, Debarati Mitra and Mahuya Das
13.1 Introduction 251
13.2 Importance of Cellulose in the Field of Biocomposite 252
13.3 Classification of Cellulose 252
13.4 Synthesis of Cellulose in Different Form 253
13.4.1 Mechanical Extraction 253
13.4.2 Electrochemical Method 254
13.4.3 Chemical Extraction 254
13.4.4 Enzymatic Hydrolysis 254
13.4.5 Bacterial Production of Cellulose 256
13.5 Formation of...
Part I: Bioplastics, Synthesis and Process Technology 1
1 An Introduction to Engineering Applications of Bioplastics 3
Andreea Irina Barzic
1.1 Introduction 3
1.2 Classification of Bioplastics 4
1.3 Physical Properties 5
1.3.1 Rheological Properties 5
1.3.2 Optical Properties 6
1.3.3 Mechanical and Thermal Properties 7
1.3.4 Electrical Properties 7
1.4 Applications of Bioplastics in Engineering 8
1.4.1 Bioplastics Applications in Sensors 8
1.4.2 Bioplastics Applications in Energy Sector 10
1.4.3 Bioplastics Applications in Bioengineering 12
1.4.4 Bioplastics Applications in "Green" Electronics 13
1.5 Conclusions 16
Acknowledgement 17
Dedication 17
References 17
2 Biobased Materials: Types and Sources 23
Kushairi Mohd Salleh, Amalia Zulkifli, Nyak Syazwani Nyak Mazlan and Sarani Zakaria
2.1 Introduction 23
2.2 Biodegradable Biobased Material 25
2.2.1 Polysaccharides 25
2.2.2 Starch 26
2.2.3 Polylactic Acid 28
2.2.4 Cellulose 29
2.2.5 Esters 30
2.2.6 Ether 31
2.2.7 Chitosan 32
2.2.8 Alginate 33
2.2.9 Proteins 35
2.2.10 Gluten 36
2.2.11 Gelatine 37
2.2.12 Casein 38
2.2.13 Lipid 39
2.2.14 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) 40
2.3 Nonbiodegradable Biobased Material 41
2.3.1 Polyethylene (PE) 41
2.3.2 Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) 42
2.3.3 Polyamide (PA) 43
2.4 Conclusion 44
Acknowledgment 45
References 45
3 Bioplastic From Renewable Biomass 49
N.B. Singh, Anindita De, Saroj K. Shukla and Mridula Guin
3.1 Introduction 49
3.2 Plastics and Bioplastics 50
3.2.1 Plastics 50
3.2.2 Bioplastics 51
3.3 Classification of Bioplastics 51
3.4 Bioplastic Production 53
3.4.1 Biowaste to Bioplastic 53
3.4.1.1 Lipid Rich Waste 53
3.4.2 Milk Industry Waste 54
3.4.3 Sugar Industry Waste 54
3.4.4 Spent Coffee Beans Waste 55
3.4.5 Bioplastic Agro-Forestry Residue 55
3.4.6 Bioplastic from Microorganism 56
3.4.7 Biomass-Based Polymers 57
3.4.7.1 Biomass-Based Monomers for Polymerization Process 57
3.5 Characterization of Bioplastics 58
3.6 Applications of Bioplastics 60
3.6.1 Food Packaging 60
3.6.2 Agricultural Applications 60
3.6.3 Biomedical Applications 63
3.7 Bioplastic Waste Management Strategies 65
3.7.1 Recycling of Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) 65
3.7.1.1 Mechanical Recycling of PLA 65
3.7.1.2 Chemical Recycling of PLA 65
3.7.2 Recycling of Poly Hydroxy Alkanoates (PHAs) 67
3.7.3 Landfill 68
3.7.4 Incineration 68
3.7.5 Composting 68
3.7.6 Anaerobic Digestion 68
3.7.6.1 Anaerobic Digestion of Poly(Hydroxyalkanoates) 69
3.7.6.2 Anaerobic Digestion of Poly(Lactic Acid) 69
3.8 Conclusions and Future Prospects 70
References 71
4 Modeling of Natural Fiber-Based Biocomposites 81
Fatima-Zahra Semlali Aouragh Hassani, Mounir El Achaby, Abou el Kacem Qaiss and Rachid Bouhfid
4.1 Introduction 81
4.2 Generality of Biocomposites 82
4.2.1 Natural Matrix 83
4.2.2 Natural Reinforcement 84
4.2.3 Natural Fiber Classification 84
4.2.4 Biocomposites Processing 85
4.2.4.1 Extrusion and Injection 85
4.2.4.2 Compression Molding 86
4.2.5 RTM-Resin Transfer Molding 86
4.2.6 Hand Lay-Up Technique 86
4.3 Parameters Affecting the Biocomposites Properties 87
4.3.1 Fiber's Aspect Ratio 87
4.3.2 Fiber/Matrix Interfacial Adhesion 88
4.3.3 Fibers Orientation and Dispersion 89
4.3.3.1 Short Fibers Orientation 89
4.3.3.2 Fiber's Orientation in Simple Shear Flow 90
4.3.3.3 Fiber's Orientation in Elongational Flow 90
4.4 Process Molding of Biocomposites 92
4.4.1 Unidirectional Fibers 93
4.4.1.1 Classical Laminate Theory 93
4.4.1.2 Rule of Mixture 93
4.4.1.3 Halpin-Tsai Model 95
4.4.1.4 Hui-Shia Model 95
4.4.2 Random Fibers 96
4.4.2.1 Hirsch Model 96
4.4.2.2 Self-Consistent Approach (Modified Hirsch Model) 97
4.4.2.3 Tsai-Pagano Model 97
4.5 Conclusion 97
References 98
5 Process Modeling in Biocomposites 103
Joy Hoskeri H., Nivedita Pujari S. and Arun K. Shettar
5.1 Introduction 103
5.2 Biopolymer Composites 104
5.2.1 Natural Fiber-Based Biopolymer Composites 104
5.2.2 Applications of Biopolymer Composites 105
5.2.3 Properties of Biopolymer Composites 107
5.3 Classification of Biocomposites 108
5.3.1 PLA Biocomposites 109
5.3.2 Nanobiocomposites 109
5.3.3 Hybrid Biocomposites 109
5.3.4 Natural Fiber-Based Composites 109
5.4 Process Modeling of Biocomposite Models 110
5.4.1 Compression Moulding 110
5.4.2 Injection Moulding 111
5.4.3 Extrusion Method 112
5.5 Formulation of Models 112
5.5.1 Types of Model 113
5.6 Conclusion 113
References 115
6 Microbial Technology in Bioplastic Production and Engineering 121
Dileep Francis and Deepu Joy Parayil
6.1 Introduction 121
6.2 Fundamental Principles of Microbial Bioplastic Production 123
6.3 Bioplastics Obtained Directly from Microorganisms 125
6.3.1 Pha 125
6.3.2 Poly (gamma-Glutamic Acid) (PGA) 129
6.4 Bioplastics from Microbial Monomers 130
6.4.1 Bioplastics from Aliphatic Monomers 130
6.4.1.1 Pla 130
6.4.1.2 Poly (Butylene Succinate) 133
6.4.1.3 Biopolyamides (Nylons) 134
6.4.1.4 1, 3-Propanediol (PDO) 137
6.4.2 Bioplastics from Aromatic Monomers 137
6.5 Lignocellulosic Biomass for Bioplastic Production 138
6.6 Conclusion 140
References 140
7 Synthesis of Green Bioplastics 149
J.E. Castanheiro, P.A. Mourão and I. Cansado
7.1 Introduction 149
7.2 Bioplastic 150
7.2.1 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) 150
7.2.2 Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) 151
7.2.3 Cellulose 152
7.2.4 Starch 153
7.3 Renewable Raw Material to Produce Bioplastic 153
7.3.1 Raw Material from Agriculture 153
7.3.2 Organic Waste as Resources for Bioplastic Production 153
7.3.3 Algae as Resources for Bioplastic Production 153
7.3.4 Wastewater as Resources for Bioplastic Production 154
7.4 Bioplastics Applications 155
7.4.1 Food Industry 155
7.4.2 Agricultural Applications 156
7.4.3 Medical Applications 156
7.4.4 Other Applications 156
7.5 Conclusions 156
References 157
8 Natural Oil-Based Sustainable Materials for a Green Strategy 161
Figen Balo, Berrak Aksakal , Lutfu S. Sua and Zeliha Mahmat
8.1 Introduction 161
8.2 Methodology 164
8.2.1 Entropy Methodology 165
8.2.2 Copras Methodology 167
8.3 Conclusions 171
References 172
Part II: Applications of Bioplastics in Health and Hygiene 175
9 Biomedical Applications of Bioplastics 177
Syed Tareq, Jaison Jeevanandam, Caleb Acquah and Michael K. Danquah
9.1 Introduction 177
9.2 Synthesis of Bioplastics 180
9.2.1 Starch-Based Bioplastics 181
9.2.2 Cellulose-Based Bioplastics 181
9.2.3 Chitin and Chitosan 181
9.2.4 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) 181
9.2.5 Polylactic Acid (PLA) 182
9.2.6 Bioplastics from Microalgae 182
9.3 Properties of Bioplastics 183
9.3.1 Material Strength 183
9.3.2 Electrical, Mechanical, and Optical Behavior of Bioplastic 184
9.4 Biological Properties of Bioplastics 184
9.5 Biomedical Applications of Bioplastics 185
9.5.1 Antimicrobial Property 185
9.5.2 Biocontrol Agents 187
9.5.3 Pharmaceutical Applications of Bioplastics 187
9.5.4 Implantation 188
9.5.5 Tissue Engineering Applications 189
9.5.6 Memory Enhancer 189
9.6 Limitations 190
9.7 Conclusion 191
References 191
10 Applications of Bioplastics in Hygiene Cosmetic 199
Anuradha and Jagvir Singh
10.1 Introduction 199
10.2 The Need to Find an Alternative to Plastic 200
10.3 Bioplastics 201
10.3.1 Characteristic of Bioplastics 201
10.3.2 Types (Classification) 202
10.3.3 Uses of Bioplastics 202
10.4 Resources of Bioplastic 202
10.4.1 Polysaccharides 202
10.4.2 Starch or Amylum 202
10.4.3 Cellulose 203
10.4.3.1 Source of Cellulose 204
10.5 Use of Biodegradable Materials in Packaging 204
10.6 Bionanocomposite 204
10.7 Hygiene Cosmetic Packaging 206
10.8 Conclusion 206
References 207
11 Biodegradable Polymers in Drug Delivery 211
Ariane Regina Souza Rossin, Fabiana Cardoso Lima, Camila Cassia Cordeiro, Erica Fernanda Poruczinski, Josiane Caetano and Douglas Cardoso Dragunski
11.1 Introduction 211
11.2 Biodegradable Polymer (BP) 212
11.2.1 Natural 212
11.2.1.1 Polysaccharides 213
11.2.1.2 Proteins 214
11.2.2 Synthetic 214
11.2.2.1 Polyesters 215
11.2.2.2 Polyanhydrides 215
11.2.2.3 Polycarbonates 216
11.2.2.4 Polyphosphazenes 216
11.2.2.5 Polyurethanes 216
11.3 Device Types 217
11.3.1 Three-Dimensional Printing Devices 217
11.3.1.1 Implants 217
11.3.1.2 Tablets 217
11.3.1.3 Microneedles 218
11.3.1.4 Nanofibers 218
11.3.2 Nanocarriers 218
11.3.2.1 Nanoparticles 218
11.3.2.2 Dendrimers 219
11.3.2.3 Hydrogels 219
11.4 Applications 219
11.4.1 Intravenous 219
11.4.2 Transdermal 220
11.4.3 Oral 221
11.4.4 Ocular 221
11.5 Existing Materials in the Market 221
11.6 Conclusions and Future Projections 222
References 223
12 Microorganism-Derived Bioplastics for Clinical Applications 229
Namrata Sangwan, Arushi Chauhan, Jitender Singh and Pramod K. Avti
12.1 Introduction 229
12.2 Types of Bioplastics 231
12.2.1 Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) 231
12.2.2 Polyhydroxyalkanoate 232
12.2.3 Poly-Lactic Acid 233
12.2.4 Poly Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) 234
12.2.5 Poly (epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) 235
12.3 Properties of Bioplastics 235
12.3.1 Physiochemical, Mechanical, and Biological Properties of Bioplastics 236
12.3.1.1 Polylactic Acid 236
12.3.1.2 Poly Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid 236
12.3.1.3 Polycaprolactone 237
12.3.1.4 Polyhydroxyalkanoates 237
12.3.1.5 Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) 238
12.4 Applications 238
12.4.1 Tissue Engineering 238
12.4.2 Drug Delivery System 240
12.4.3 Implants and Prostheses 242
12.5 Conclusion 244
References 245
13 Biomedical Applications of Biocomposites Derived From Cellulose 251
Subhajit Kundu, Debarati Mitra and Mahuya Das
13.1 Introduction 251
13.2 Importance of Cellulose in the Field of Biocomposite 252
13.3 Classification of Cellulose 252
13.4 Synthesis of Cellulose in Different Form 253
13.4.1 Mechanical Extraction 253
13.4.2 Electrochemical Method 254
13.4.3 Chemical Extraction 254
13.4.4 Enzymatic Hydrolysis 254
13.4.5 Bacterial Production of Cellulose 256
13.5 Formation of...
Details
| Erscheinungsjahr: | 2022 |
|---|---|
| Fachbereich: | Populäre Darstellungen |
| Genre: | Chemie |
| Rubrik: | Naturwissenschaften & Technik |
| Medium: | Buch |
| Seiten: | 688 |
| Inhalt: | 688 S. |
| ISBN-13: | 9781119160137 |
| ISBN-10: | 1119160138 |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Herstellernummer: | 1W119160130 |
| Einband: | Gebunden |
| Redaktion: |
Inamuddin
Altalhi, Tariq |
| Herausgeber: | Inamuddin/Tariq Altalhi |
| Auflage: | 2nd edition |
| Hersteller: | Wiley |
| Maße: | 263 x 183 x 43 mm |
| Von/Mit: | Inamuddin (u. a.) |
| Erscheinungsdatum: | 28.12.2022 |
| Gewicht: | 1,488 kg |
Warnhinweis
Ähnliche Produkte
Buch
Taschenbuch
Lieferzeit 1-2 Wochen
Taschenbuch
Lieferzeit 1-2 Wochen
Taschenbuch
Buch
Aktuell nicht verfügbar
Taschenbuch
Lieferzeit 1-2 Wochen
Taschenbuch
Lieferzeit 4-7 Werktage
Buch
Lieferzeit 2-3 Wochen
Buch
Lieferzeit 1-2 Wochen
Taschenbuch
Buch
Lieferzeit 2-3 Wochen