Chapter 1 Introduction

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1.1 Introduction

1.2 Historical Background

1.3 Sub-Disciplines of Toxicology

1.4 Relationship with Other Disciplines

1.5 Scope of Toxicology

Chapter 2 Basics of Eco-Toxicology

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2.1 Introduction

2.2 Sources of Toxic Compounds

2.3 Classification of Toxicants

2.4 Types of Toxicity

2.5 Factors Affecting Toxicity

2.6 Dose-Response Relationship

2.7 Environmental Persistence

2.8 Toxicity Testing

Chapter 3 Heavy Metal Toxicity: An Overview

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3.1 Introduction

3.2 Sources of HMs

3.3 Basic Mechanism of Heavy Metal Contamination

3.4 Thermodynamics of HMs

3.5 HM Toxicity

Chapter 4 Heavy Metal Toxicity: Lead

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4.1 Introduction

4.2 Sources and Route of Exposure

4.3 Aetiology

4.4 Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

4.5 Mechanism of Lead Toxicity

4.6 Toxicological Effects of Lead

4.7 Diagnosis

4.8 Treatment and Management of Lead Poisoning

4.9 Impact of Lead on the Environment

Chapter 5 Heavy Metal Toxicity: Arsenic

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5.1 Introduction

5.2 Sources and Routes of Exposure

5.3 Aetiology

5.4 Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

5.5 Mechanism of Arsenic Toxicity

5.6 Toxicological Effects of Arsenic

5.7 Diagnosis

5.8 Impact of Arsenic on the Environment

Chapter 6 Heavy Metal Toxicity: Chromium

Fact File

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Sources and Routes of Exposure

6.3 Aetiology

6.4 Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

6.5 Mechanism of Chromium Toxicity

6.6 Toxicological Effects of Chromium

6.7 Diagnosis

6.8 Treatment and Management of Chromium Poisoning

6.8 Impact of Chromium on the Environment

Chapter 7 Heavy Metal Toxicity: Mercury

Fact File

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Sources and Routes of Exposure

7.3 Aetiology

7.4 Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

7.5 Mechanisms of Mercury Toxicity

7.6 Toxicological Effects of Mercury

7.7 Diagnosis

7.8 Treatment and Management of Mercury Poisoning

7.9 Impact of Mercury on the Environment

Chapter 8 Heavy Metal Toxicity: Cadmium

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8.1 Introduction

8.2 Sources and Routes of Exposure

8.3 Aetiology

8.4 Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

8.5 Mechanisms of Cadmium Toxicity

8.6 Diagnosis

8.7 Treatment and Management

8.9 Impact of Cadmium on the Environment

Chapter 9 Radioactive Metals and Radiation Toxicity

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9.1 Introduction

9.2 Radioactive Elements

9.3 Sources of Radioactive Metals

9.4 Routes of Exposure of Radioactive Metals

9.5 Aetiology

9.6 Nuclear Disasters in History

9.7 Pathophysiological and Clinical Manifestations

9.8 Mechanisms of Toxicity

9.9 Diagnosis

9.10 Treatment and Management of Radioactive Metal Poisoning

9.11 Toxicological Effects of Radioactive Metals on the Environment

Chapter 10 Pesticide Toxicity

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10.1 Introduction

10.2 Classification

10.3 Toxicity of Pesticides

10.4 Impacts of Pesticides on the Environment

10.5 Diagnosing and Treating Pesticide Poisoning

10.6 Managing Pesticides

Chapter 11 Recent Advances in Remediation of Heavy Metals

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11.1 Introduction

11.2 Types of Physico-Chemical Remediation Methods

11.3 Chemical Precipitation

11.4 Nanotechnology in the Removal of HMs

11.5 Advantages and Disadvantages of Physico-Chemical Methods

Chapter 12 Bioremediation of Heavy Metals

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12.1 Introduction

12.2 Microbes Used in Bioremediation

12.3 Bioremediation Techniques

12.4 In-situ Bioremediation Techniques

12.5 Advantages and Disadvantages

12.6 Applications of Bioremediation

Chapter 13 Recent Advances in Eco-Toxicology

Fact File

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS)

13.3 X- Ray Fluorescence

13.4 Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)

13.5 Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES)

13.6 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

13.7 Green Initiatives for Environment Management