Richard K. Betts is Leo A. Shifrin Professor of War and Peace Studies in the Department of Political Science and School of International and Public Affairs at Columbia University, Adjunct Senior Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, and author of American Force, Enemies of Intelligence, Military Readiness, Surprise Attack, and other books.

Preface PART I Visions of Conflict and Peace 1.1 The End of History? 1.2 Why We Will Soon Miss the Cold War 1.3 The Clash of Civilizations? 1.4 The Strongmen Strike Back PART II International Realism: Anarchy and Power 2.1 The Melian Dialogue 2.2 Doing Evil in Order to Do Good 2.3 The State of Nature and the State of War 2.4 Realism and Idealism 2.5 The Origins of War in Neorealist Theory 2.6 Hegemonic War and International Change 2.7 Power, Culprits, and Arms PART III International Liberalism: Institutions and Cooperation 3.1 Perpetual Peace 3.2 Peace Through Arbitration 3.3 Community of Power vs. Balance of Power 3.4 Liberalism and World Politics 3.5 Power and Interdependence 3.6 The Obsolescence of Major War PART IV Psychology and Culture: The Human Mind, Norms, and Learning 4.1 Why War? 4.2 How Good People Do Bad Things 4.3 War and Misperception 4.4 Spirit, Standing, and Honor 4.5 War Is Only an Invention-Not a Biological Necessity 4.6 People Must Have a Tribe 4.7 Men, Women, and War PART V Economics: Interests and Interdependence 5.1 Money Is Not the Sinews of War, Although It Is Generally So Considered 5.2 The Great Illusion 5.3 Paradise Is a Bazaar 5.4 Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism 5.6 Imperialism and Capitalism 5.7 War as Economic Policy 5.8 Structural Causes and Economic Effects 5.9 Trade and Power PART VI Politics: Ideology and Identity 6.1 Democratization and War 6.2 Nations and Nationalism 6.3 Possible and Impossible Solutions to Ethnic Civil Wars 6.4 The Troubled History of Partition PART VII Military Technology, Strategy, and Stability 7.1 Cooperation Under the Security Dilemma 7.2 The Offensive/Defensive Balance of Military Technology 7.3 Why Nuclear Proliferation May Be Good 7.4 Why Waltz Is Wrong 7.5 The Dynamics of Cyber Conflict 7.6. Is Strategy an Illusion? PART VIII Terrorism, Revolution, and Unconventional Warfare 8.1 The Strategic Logic of Terrorism 8.2 Speech to the American People 8.3 Science of Guerrilla Warfare 8.4 On Guerrilla Warfare 8.5 Patterns of Violence in World Politics 8.6 Insurgency and Counterinsurgency 8.7 Principles, Imperatives, and Paradoxes of Counterinsurgency 8.8 The "Hearts and Minds" Fallacy PART IX Threat Assessment and Misjudgment: Recurrent Dilemmas 9.1 The German Threat? 1907 9.2 The German Threat? 1938 9.3 The Threat to Ukraine From the West 9.4 China: The Return of Bipolarity 9.5 China: The Overestimated Threat 9.6 How Could Vietnam Happen? An Autopsy PART X New Threats and Strategies for Peace 10.1 Environmental Changes as Causes of Acute Conflict 10.2 Why Cyberdeterrence Is Different 10.3 The Dark Side of Progress 10.4 A World of Liberty Under Law 10.5 Peace Among Civilizations?