Introduction; Part I. Comparative and Historical Perspectives: 1. Racial discourse, Nazi violence, and the limits of the racial state model Mark Roseman; 2. The murder of European Jewry: Nazi genocide in continental perspective Donald Bloxham; 3. Meanings of race and biopolitics in historical perspective Pascal Grosse; 4. Racial states in comparative perspective Devin O. Pendas; Part II. Race, Science, and Nazi Biopolitics: 5. Eugenics and racial science in Nazi Germany: was there a genesis of the 'final solution' from the spirit of science? Richard F. Wetzell; 6. Race science, race mysticism, and the racial state Dan Stone; 7. Ideology's logic: the evolution of racial thought in Germany from the völkisch movement to the Third Reich Christian Geulen; 8. Nazi medical crimes, eugenics, and the limits of the racial state paradigm Herwig Czech; Part III. Anti-Semitism beyond Race: 9. 'The axis around which national socialist ideology turns': state bureaucracy, the Reich Ministry of the Interior and racial policy in the first years of the Third Reich Jürgen Matthäus; 10. Neither Aryan nor Semite: reflections on the meanings of race in Nazi Germany Richard Steigmann-Gall; 11. Racializing historiography: Anti-Jewish scholarship in the Third Reich Dirk Rupnow; Part IV. Race and Society: 12. Volksgemeinschaft: a controversy Michael Wildt; 13. Mothers, whores, or sentimental dupes? Emotion and race in historiographical debates about women in the Third Reich Annette F. Timm; 14. Nationalist mobilization: foreign diplomats' views on the Third Reich, 1933-1945 Frank Bajohr; 15. Race and humor in Nazi Germany Martina Kessel; 16. Legitimacy through war? Nicholas Stargardt; Part V. Race War? Germans and Non-Germans in Wartime: 17. Negotiating völkisch and racial identities: the Deutsche Volksliste in annexed Poland Gerhard Wolf; 18. Sex, race, volksgemeinschaft: German soldiers' sexual encounters with local women and men during the war and the occupation in the Soviet Union, 1941-1945 Regina Mühlhäuser; 19. The disintegration of the racial basis of the concentration camp system Stefan Hördler.