Far from sweeping the globe uniformly, the 'third wave of democratization' left burgeoning republics and resilient dictatorships in its wake. Applying more than a year of original fieldwork in Egypt, Iran, Malaysia, and the Philippines, Jason Brownlee shows that the mixed record of recent democratization is best deciphered through a historical and institutional approach to authoritarian rule. Exposing the internal organizations that structure elite conflict, Brownlee demonstrates why the critical soft-liners needed for democratic transitions have been dormant in Egypt and Malaysia but outspoken in Iran and the Philippines. By establishing how ruling parties originated and why they impede change, Brownlee illuminates the problem of contemporary authoritarianism and informs the promotion of durable democracy.
Far from sweeping the globe uniformly, the 'third wave of democratization' left burgeoning republics and resilient dictatorships in its wake. Applying more than a year of original fieldwork in Egypt, Iran, Malaysia, and the Philippines, Jason Brownlee shows that the mixed record of recent democratization is best deciphered through a historical and institutional approach to authoritarian rule. Exposing the internal organizations that structure elite conflict, Brownlee demonstrates why the critical soft-liners needed for democratic transitions have been dormant in Egypt and Malaysia but outspoken in Iran and the Philippines. By establishing how ruling parties originated and why they impede change, Brownlee illuminates the problem of contemporary authoritarianism and informs the promotion of durable democracy.
Über den Autor
Jason Brownlee is Assistant Professor of Government at the University of Texas, Austin. Prior to arriving at the University of Texas, he was a post-doctoral Fellow at Stanford University's Center on Democracy, Development, and the Rule of Law. Professor Brownlee's research addresses domestic and international processes of democratization. His work has appeared in Comparative Politics, Studies in Comparative International Development and the Journal of Democracy.
Zusammenfassung
Jason Brownlee explains why many authoritarian regimes that pose as democracies by holding elections do not become democracies in reality. Focusing on ruling parties in four countries from the Middle East and Southeast Asia, the author accounts for the durability of dictatorships in Egypt and Malaysia, factionalism and abortive democratization of Iran, and the successful overthrow of Marcos's regime in the Philippines. The book explains both democratization and dictatorships in a common theory, moving beyond the current fixation on elections and comparing cases cross-regionally.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
1. The political origins of durable authoritarianism; 2. The inception of ruling parties; 3. Institutional legacies and coalitional tensions; 4. Ruling parties and regime persistence: Egypt and Malaysia during the third wave; 5. Elite defections and electoral defeat: Iran during the third wave; 6. Confrontation and democratization: the Philippines during the third wave; 7. Conclusions.
