1. Introduction Gerardo della Paolera and Alan M. Taylor; 2. Between independence and the golden age: the early Argentine economy Ricardo D. Salvatore and Carlos Newland; 3. Passing the buck: monetary and fiscal policies Gerardo della Paolera, Maria Alejandra Irigoin and Carlos G. Bózzoli; 4. Economic cycles Adolfo Sturzenegger and Ramiro Moya; 5. The labor market Sebastián Galiani and Pablo Gerchunoff; 6. Capital accumulation Alan M. Taylor; 7. International trade and commercial policy Julio Berlinski; 8. Agriculture Yair Mundlak and Marcelo Regúnaga; 9. Industry María Inés Barbero and Fernando Rocchi; 10. Banking and finance, 1900-35 Leonard I. Nakamura and Carlos E. J. M. Zarazaga; 11. Business, government and law Sergio Berensztein and Horacio Spector; 12. Epilogue: the Argentine puzzle Gerardo della Paolera and Ezequiel Gallo; 13. Statistical appendix Gerardo della Paolera, Alan M. Taylor and Carlos G. Bózzoli.